What is the definition of radial tires?

[MacAlice]

Radial tires are a type of tire structure, different from bias tires, arched tires, and pressure-regulating tires, commonly known as "steel wire tires." Here is relevant information about radial tires: Classification of radial tires: Radial tires can be divided into three types based on materials: all-steel radial tires, semi-steel radial tires, and all-fiber radial tires. All-steel radial tires: Both the carcass and the belt layer use steel cords, generally used for heavy-duty and engineering machinery vehicles. Semi-steel radial tires: The carcass uses rayon or other fibers, while the belt layer uses steel cords. This type of radial tire is generally used for cars or light trucks, such as buses. All-fiber radial tires: Both the carcass and the belt layer use rayon or other fiber cords, with the belt layer cords using low-elongation cords. These radial tires are generally used for low-speed cars or tractors. Differences between radial tires and bias tires: Difference in cord arrangement direction: The carcass cords of bias tires are arranged in a crisscross pattern between layers, forming a certain angle (35°~45°) with the circumferential direction of the tire crown centerline. The carcass cords of radial tires are arranged parallel to each other in a radial direction, forming a 90° angle with the circumferential direction of the tire crown centerline. The stress caused by internal pressure in the belt layer cords of radial tires is uneven within the width range of the belt layer. Since the belt layer edge cords are not fixed, the initial stress in this part is zero, while the central part reaches the maximum value. As the belt layer tightens the carcass, the stress on the carcass cords decreases, with the minimum at the crown center. Difference in the crown: The buffer layer of bias tires only serves to disperse external impacts, and on good roads like highways, it may not be necessary, bearing only 10%~20% of the stress. The belt layer of radial tires functions to restrain the circumferential deformation of the carcass. The angle of the steel cords is close to the circumferential direction, forming an angle of about 12°~25° with the circumferential direction of the tire crown centerline. Since the belt layer cords are almost arranged circumferentially, their length remains practically unchanged. Therefore, the belt layer determines the tire shape and the initial stress caused by internal pressure in the tire components, bearing 60%~75% of the stress.