What is the correct way to use the DS gear in the Teana?

What is the standard thickness for brake pads?

A new brake pad typically has a thickness of around 1.5cm. Here is more information about brake pads: 1. The thickness gradually decreases with friction during use. Professional technicians recommend that when the visible thickness of the brake pad is reduced to about 1/3 of its original thickness (approximately 0.5cm), the owner should increase the frequency of self-inspection and be ready to replace it. Of course, due to wheel hub design, some models do not allow for visual inspection and require tire removal to complete the check. 2. Each brake pad has a raised indicator on both sides, with a thickness of about 2-3 millimeters. This is the minimum replacement limit for the brake disc. If the brake pad thickness aligns with this indicator, it must be replaced immediately. Therefore, when the brake pad thickness approaches this indicator, the owner should monitor it closely. However, accurate visual inspection without removing the tire is difficult. Currently, many models provide a warning light on the dashboard when the brake pads are too thin, making self-inspection relatively easier.

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What is the difference between hydraulic oil grades 68 and 46?

The main differences between grade 46 hydraulic oil and grade 68 hydraulic oil lie in their viscosity properties and pour points. Below are the specific distinctions between the two: 1. Different pour points: Low-pour-point hydraulic oil plays a crucial role in mechanical transmission systems. In colder environments or conditions with significant temperature variations, hydraulic systems often use hydraulic oil for lubrication, making pour point requirements very important. Pour points of -15 or -30 are necessary to ensure normal operation of hydraulic oil under low-temperature conditions. 2. Grade 46 hydraulic oil has relatively low viscosity, while grade 68 hydraulic oil has higher viscosity. Generally, higher viscosity results in thicker oil film formation. In winter when temperatures are lower, it is recommended to use grade 46 hydraulic oil. Another difference lies in the flash points. As is well known, modern hydraulic oils have their own flash points, so there are also differences in flash points between grade 46 and grade 68 hydraulic oils. Grade 46 hydraulic oil has a relatively lower flash point, making it suitable for different industries and environments. However, both types perform excellently in terms of anti-wear and oxidation resistance.

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How to Repair Cracks on Car Paint Surface?

Minor cracks can be treated with polishing and waxing; more severe cracks require sanding the entire area of the paint film. Below are the causes of car paint cracks and repair methods: 1. Paint Oxidation: Prolonged exposure to sunlight is the primary cause of shortened car paint lifespan. Ultraviolet rays from the sun eventually lead to oxidation of the car's coating. If water droplets remain on the car body while exposed to sunlight, oxidation accelerates significantly. For minor oxidation, wax can be used to remove it. However, severe oxidation requires grinding and polishing. 2. Paint Crazing: Crazing is more likely to occur on metallic paint. These are very fine cracks that gradually penetrate the paint layer until they "pierce" the entire color coat. When waxing and polishing, streaks may appear on the car body due to wax filling the cracks. Due to quality issues in the painting process, the resin in the paint may also "shrink," leading to crazing. This type of "skin disease" can only be cured by repainting. Regular waxing is an effective way to reduce the occurrence of crazing. When crazing is still in its "budding" stage, wax can polish away the invisible cracks.

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When did China 4 emission standards start?

China 4 emission standards were implemented in 2011 and remained in effect until 2018 when China 5 standards were introduced. Below is relevant information about China 4 emission standards: 1. China 4 emission standards represent the fourth phase of national motor vehicle pollutant emission standards in China. The primary pollutants from vehicle emissions include HC (hydrocarbons), NOx (nitrogen oxides), CO (carbon monoxide), and PM (particulate matter). These standards aim to control and reduce vehicle emissions below specified limits through technologies such as improved catalytic converter active layers, secondary air injection, and exhaust gas recirculation systems with cooling devices. 2. China 4 standards require approximately 50% lower emissions of various pollutants compared to China 3 standards. With the upcoming implementation of China 6 standards, vehicles meeting China 3 standards are already facing retirement. According to documents released by transportation departments in several major provinces, by the end of 2020, the government's focus remained on China 3 standard commercial diesel trucks, while the transition period for China 4 standards and China 3 standard private vehicles was still ongoing due to the large number of privately owned vehicles requiring more time for transition. The only concern is that in a few years, first-tier cities might lead the way in restricting China 4 vehicles.

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How often should the antifreeze in a car's radiator be replaced?

For vehicles that operate for extended periods, such as taxis, it is generally recommended to replace the high-quality antifreeze in the radiator once a year. For vehicles with shorter operating times, replacement can be done every two years or every 30,000 kilometers. To prevent excessive foam formation, which can reduce the heat exchange efficiency between the antifreeze and engine components, ensure that the product is within its validity period when adding it. Long-life antifreeze can remain effective for up to three years. If suspended particles, sediment, or signs of deterioration or discoloration are observed in the antifreeze, it should be replaced promptly, and the system should be cleaned. The method for replacing antifreeze is as follows: Before completely replacing the antifreeze, conduct a thorough inspection to check for any signs of leaks or cracks in the pipes, with particular attention to the five-way water pipe. Antifreeze flows through the five-way pipe and is then distributed to various parts of the car to perform its function. If there is any leakage of antifreeze in this section, the water pipe should be replaced or the connection should be re-secured as needed. Drain the old antifreeze, then flush the fluid channels with clean water. Add clean water to the antifreeze reservoir and continue to pour water into the reservoir so that it continuously circulates through the engine cooling system. Then, start the engine and let it idle for 3 to 5 minutes to allow the water to circulate. Initially, the water draining from the reservoir may have a faint pink tint. Continue adding clean water until the water coming out is clear. Note: Do not forget to remove the heater hose and drain the water from the heater core. Approximately one hour after draining, add the new antifreeze through the radiator hose. Then, pour another container of antifreeze into the antifreeze reservoir until it is nearly full. Start the engine and let it run for about 10 minutes. During this time, the coolant level will drop slightly as air is expelled from the cooling system. Top up the antifreeze until it reaches the "MAXT" mark on the reservoir.

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How to Deal with Bulging Car Tires?

Tire bulging must be addressed immediately by taking the vehicle to a professional tire shop for inspection and replacement; continued use is strictly prohibited. Below are the causes and solutions for tire bulging: 1. The advantage of a low tire aspect ratio is that it improves steering responsiveness and reduces tire bounce, enhancing overall handling. However, this comes at the cost of a smaller sidewall, which significantly reduces ride comfort. More critically, a low aspect ratio results in a thinner sidewall, greatly diminishing its shock-absorbing capability. When driving on uneven roads, the narrow sidewall buffer zone makes it easy for the rim to impact the ground through the sidewall, cutting or even causing severe sidewall cracks or bulges. 2. Both overinflation and underinflation can easily lead to bulging. When a tire hits an obstacle, overinflation reduces the rubber's flexibility, causing a hard impact that can break the tire's cord layers. Underinflation, somewhat similar to a low aspect ratio, allows the rim to directly strike the ground when the sidewall is compressed, also leading to cord layer breakage, resulting in either a blowout or a bulge.

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What is the correct way to use the DS gear in the Teana?

What is the standard thickness for brake pads?

What is the difference between hydraulic oil grades 68 and 46?

How to Repair Cracks on Car Paint Surface?

When did China 4 emission standards start?

How often should the antifreeze in a car's radiator be replaced?

How to Deal with Bulging Car Tires?

Can You Still Drive When the On-Board Computer Prompts an Oil Change?

What Do the Letters on Tires Represent in Terms of Speed Rating?

What Causes the ABS Warning Light to Illuminate?

What to Do When an Automatic Car's Battery Dies?