What is the Composition Structure of an Electronic Control Unit?
1 Answers
Electronic Control Unit (ECU) is primarily composed of an input circuit, analog-to-digital converter (A/D converter), microcomputer (commonly referred to as a microcomputer), and an output circuit. Input Circuit: When the engine is operating, signals from various sensors are first processed by the input circuit after being transmitted to the ECU. A/D Converter: Signals sent to the ECU by sensors can be categorized into two types: digital signals (such as signals from a Karman vortex air flow meter, engine speed signals, etc.) and analog signals (such as signals from a vane-type air flow meter, air temperature sensor signals, throttle position sensor signals, etc.). Digital signals can be directly input into the microcomputer, whereas analog signals cannot be directly received by the microcomputer. Microcomputer: The microcomputer serves as the nerve center of the control system. Its function is to utilize stored programs and data to perform calculations and processing on signals emitted by various sensors based on operational requirements, and then send the processed results to the output circuit. The microcomputer mainly consists of a central processing unit (CPU), memory, and input/output devices. Output Circuit: The main function of the output circuit is to amplify the processing results from the microcomputer and generate control signals.
