What is the Best Material for Spark Plugs?
3 Answers
Spark plugs made of platinum and iridium are considered the best materials. Components of a Spark Plug: A spark plug mainly consists of a terminal nut, insulator, terminal stud, center electrode, side electrode, and shell. Types of Spark Plugs: The main types of spark plugs include: standard spark plugs, projected insulator spark plugs, electrode-type spark plugs, seat-type spark plugs, pole-type spark plugs, and surface-gap spark plugs. Working Principle of Spark Plugs: Under high voltage, the air between the center electrode and side electrode of the spark plug rapidly ionizes, forming positively charged ions and negatively charged free electrons. When the voltage between the electrodes reaches a certain level, the number of ions and electrons in the gas increases like an avalanche, causing the air to lose its insulating properties and forming a discharge channel in the gap, resulting in a "breakdown" phenomenon. At this point, the gas becomes a luminous body, known as a "spark." Along with thermal expansion, a "crackling" sound is also produced. The temperature of this electric spark can reach as high as 2000-3000°C, which is sufficient to ignite the air-fuel mixture in the engine's combustion chamber.
When it comes to spark plug materials, I think as an average driver using a family car, what we care about most is practicality and saving money. The core materials for spark plugs include common options like copper, nickel, platinum, and iridium. Copper ones are cheaper but have a shorter lifespan, typically needing replacement every 10,000 to 20,000 kilometers. They’re prone to burning out or carbon buildup, which can affect ignition, causing engine shaking or increased fuel consumption. Platinum or iridium plugs, though more expensive, are more durable, lasting 50,000 to 60,000 kilometers or even longer. They provide more stable ignition, quicker starts, and fewer stalling issues. I’ve been using platinum spark plugs, and my car runs much smoother now. When choosing, check the owner’s manual recommendations or ask a mechanic—don’t skimp and opt for lower-quality materials, or you might end up stranded on the road. While replacing spark plugs, it’s a good idea to also check the wiring harness and ignition system to maintain overall upkeep.
As a car modification enthusiast, I'm particularly passionate about spark plug materials because they directly affect engine performance. High-quality spark plugs, like those made of iridium, are the best. They feature fine electrodes, high ignition efficiency, and rapid heat dissipation, providing quick acceleration response during racing and instant explosive power when stepping on the throttle. Ordinary copper or nickel alloys are too basic—ignition isn't precise, often missing the right timing, especially under high RPMs where they become unstable. I recommend upgrading to platinum or double-iridium components. Although the cost is slightly higher, it saves maintenance time in the long run. The difference in thermal conductivity among materials is also significant—iridium can withstand higher temperatures, reducing electrode wear. When modifying, don't just focus on the brand; material parameters like the heat range must match the engine type. Otherwise, mismatched ignition can harm the car. Simply put, if you're into performance cars, you need high-end material spark plugs.
