What is the basic working principle of ABS?
2 Answers
ABS's basic working principle is: during braking, ABS quickly determines the wheel lock-up state based on the speed signals from each wheel speed sensor, closes the normally open input solenoid valve on the wheel that is starting to lock up to maintain constant braking force. If the wheel continues to lock up, it opens the normally closed output solenoid valve, causing the braking pressure on that wheel to rapidly decrease due to the direct connection to the brake fluid reservoir, preventing the wheel from completely locking up due to excessive braking force. ABS is the Anti-lock Braking System, whose function is to automatically control the magnitude of the brake's force during vehicle braking, preventing the wheels from locking up and keeping them in a state of rolling and sliding (with a slip ratio of about 20%), ensuring maximum adhesion between the wheels and the road surface.
The working principle of the ABS anti-lock braking system is quite fascinating. I often experience this feature while driving, especially when braking on slippery rainy roads—it feels like having a silent assistant in the background. The system continuously monitors the speed of each wheel when you apply the brakes. If a wheel is about to lock up and skid, it quickly releases brake pressure momentarily, allowing the wheel to keep rotating, then reapplies the pressure. This cycle of releasing and reapplying ensures the wheels don’t completely lose traction, maintaining vehicle stability. When I steer, the car remains easier to control without veering off course. In simple terms, it uses wheel sensors and a small computer to adjust braking force in real-time, preventing loss of control on slippery surfaces and enhancing driving safety.
