What is the Automotive Engine Oil Grade Reference Chart?

[Rich]

According to the SAE viscosity grade classification, there are 6 types of winter engine oils (0W, 5W, 10W, 15W, 20W, 25W), 5 types of summer engine oils (20, 30, 40, 50, 60), and 16 types of all-season engine oils (5W20, 5W30, 5W40, 5W50, 10W20, 10W30, 10W40, 10W50, 15W30, 15W40, 15W50, etc.). Introduction: Engine oil, also known as engine lubricant (English name: Engine-oil), with a density of approximately 0.91×10³ (kg/m³), serves to lubricate and reduce friction, assist in cooling, seal against leaks, prevent rust and corrosion, and provide shock absorption for the engine. It is often referred to as the "blood" of a car. Composition: Engine oil consists of two main components: base oil and additives. The base oil is the primary constituent of lubricants, determining their fundamental properties, while additives compensate for and enhance the shortcomings of the base oil, imparting new characteristics. Additives are an essential part of lubricants.

[JosiahLee]

As a frequent long-distance driver, I have a deep understanding of the motor oil grade chart. This reference table is like an insurance manual, helping you match the most suitable oil for your car. There are mainly API and SAE standards: API letter combinations like SP or CK-4 indicate the oil's protection level for the engine, with SP being more suitable for newer models, preventing carbon buildup and wear; SAE viscosity grades like 5W-30, where 5W means good cold-weather startup performance (lower numbers mean thinner oil for easier ignition), and 30 refers to higher viscosity at high temperatures in summer, protecting the engine. I remember using the wrong viscosity oil once—it made starting difficult on a cold day and increased fuel consumption. The chart also reminds you to choose oil based on climate and vehicle age—don’t just buy cheap stuff to save money, or you’ll damage the engine. Regularly checking the manual and matching the right oil can extend engine life by over a decade. As an extra note, new energy vehicles have similar standards—choosing energy-efficient oil is both eco-friendly and saves on fuel costs.

[KiraDella]

As a car enthusiast, talking about motor oil classification is more than just scratching the surface. API classifications include gasoline SN/SP and diesel CK-4, with SP offering the highest protection and reducing particulate emissions. SAE viscosity ratings like 0W-20 indicate smooth cold starts at sub-zero temperatures (0W) and high-temperature viscosity (20), where lower values save fuel and higher values withstand heat. The classification table acts like a navigation map, helping you avoid pitfalls—for example, older cars shouldn't use overly thin oil, while new cars benefit from newer standards. I've tried changing oil myself and noticed the API standard had changed; the upgraded version offered better cleaning power and quieter engine operation. Also, don't forget the ACEA European standards, which adapt to different driving conditions. Regularly comparing classification tables is worth the effort—it can prevent major repairs, saving money and ensuring safety. From an environmental perspective, newer oils reduce carbon emissions, making it a small but meaningful contribution.

[RiverMarie]

From a novice's perspective: The motor oil grade chart is essentially a guide for oil selection. Higher API standards like SP offer better engine protection. SAE number combinations such as 10W-40 indicate that the first number (smaller) ensures better cold-weather starting, while the latter number (larger) provides sufficient protection in hot weather. Always refer to it to avoid wrong choices that could damage your car or increase fuel consumption. Simply check your manual to match the right oil for your vehicle.