What is the ABS system in a car?

[DelilahFitz]

ABS, the full name is Anti-lock Braking System. Its function is to automatically control the braking force of the brake during car braking, preventing the wheels from locking up and maintaining a state of rolling and sliding (with a slip ratio of about 20%), ensuring that the adhesion between the wheels and the ground is at its maximum. How ABS works: During braking, ABS quickly determines the lock-up state of the wheels based on the speed signals from each wheel speed sensor. It closes the normally open input solenoid valve on the wheel that is about to lock up, keeping the braking force constant. If the wheel continues to lock up, the normally closed output solenoid valve is opened, causing the braking pressure on that wheel to drop rapidly due to the direct connection to the brake fluid reservoir, preventing the wheel from completely locking up due to excessive braking force. This keeps the braking state at the optimal point (with a slip ratio S of 20%), achieving the best braking effect and the highest driving safety. The functions of ABS: It maximizes the effectiveness of the brake, reducing braking time and distance; it effectively prevents vehicle skidding and fishtailing during emergency braking, ensuring good driving stability. It allows steering during emergency braking, providing good steering control; it avoids severe friction between the tires and the ground, reducing tire wear.

[DiElias]

The ABS system in cars is actually the anti-lock braking device, whose main function is to prevent wheel lock-up and skidding when you brake hard. Imagine driving in the rain and suddenly needing to brake—without ABS, the wheels could lock up, causing the vehicle to lose control and skid. ABS uses sensors on the wheels to monitor their rotation speed in real-time. If it detects that a wheel is about to stop rotating, it rapidly releases braking pressure at a frequency of over ten times per second. This keeps the wheels rolling, allowing you to steer and avoid obstacles while braking. Modern ABS systems also work in conjunction with the vehicle stability system, significantly improving driving safety. However, remember that when ABS activates, you'll feel a noticeable pulsing in the brake pedal—this is completely normal, so don’t release your foot.

[McAdalynn]

From a safety perspective, ABS is undoubtedly one of the most crucial features in modern vehicles. It quietly springs into action every time you slam on the brakes during emergencies. The system constantly monitors all four wheels through speed sensors. When it detects a sudden drop in any wheel's rotation speed, the computer instantly commands the corresponding brake caliper to momentarily release hydraulic pressure. This entire process happens faster than a blink, yet prevents wheel lock-up that could freeze your steering. Particularly on icy roads or mountain descents, this pulsed braking maintains directional control while shortening stopping distances. Some vehicles display a flashing ABS indicator when activated - familiarizing yourself with this can help you stay calm during critical moments.

[VanAdaline]

When it comes to car repairs, ABS system failures are among the most dreaded issues, as this system acts like the vehicle's life-saving neural network. Simply put, it consists of three main components: wheel speed sensors, pressure modulators, and the control computer. The sensors constantly monitor tire speed, alerting the computer upon detecting abnormal rotation, which then commands the hydraulic unit to perform high-frequency pulse braking. Many drivers report a sudden clunking noise when braking abruptly—this is the ABS system in action. Common faults include sensors clogged with metal debris causing signal errors or hydraulic unit oil leaks. Remember to rinse the inside of the wheel hubs during regular car washes to prevent sensor blockages. If the ABS warning light comes on, immediate inspection is crucial, as it directly relates to braking safety.