What is the ABS Anti-lock Braking System?

[Karl]

ABS stands for Anti-lock Braking System. Its function is to automatically control the braking force during vehicle braking, preventing the wheels from locking up and maintaining a state of rolling and sliding (with a slip ratio of around 20%), thereby ensuring maximum adhesion between the wheels and the road surface. Single-channel ABS: Also known as one-channel ABS, it features a single brake pressure modulator installed in the rear wheel brake line and a wheel speed sensor mounted on the rear axle differential (some models may have a sensor on each rear wheel). Dual-channel ABS: This type of ABS struggles to balance directional stability, steering control, and braking efficiency, and is rarely used nowadays. Three-channel ABS: It independently controls the two front wheels while jointly controlling the two rear wheels based on the low-select principle (i.e., both wheels are controlled by one channel to ensure the wheel with less adhesion does not lock up), also known as hybrid control. Four-channel ABS: Equipped with four wheel speed sensors, it has a separate brake pressure modulator for each wheel's brake caliper line, enabling independent control and forming a four-channel control system.