What is Level 4 Autonomous Driving?

[DiGiselle]

L4 autonomous driving belongs to "highly autonomous driving." Except for certain special circumstances, human intervention is generally not required. Autonomous vehicles that rely on specialized maps for operation fall under Level 4 autonomous driving. As long as there is a map, these vehicles can achieve full autonomous driving without human intervention, but they cannot drive autonomously everywhere. Below is an introduction to autonomous driving levels: 1. Level 0: No automation. The driver must always be in control of all mechanical and physical functions of the vehicle, with only alarms as assistance. 2. Level 1: The driver operates the vehicle, but individual devices can sometimes assist, such as Electronic Stability Program (ESP) or Anti-lock Braking System (ABS), which can help with driving safety. 3. Level 2: The driver primarily controls the vehicle, but the system offers partial automation to significantly reduce the operational burden. For example, Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) combines automatic following and lane departure warnings, while Autonomous Emergency Braking (AEB) integrates blind-spot detection and partial collision avoidance system technologies. 4. Level 3: The driver must always be ready to take control of the vehicle. During autonomous driving assistance, such as when following another vehicle, the driver can temporarily be free from operation. However, when the vehicle detects a situation requiring the driver's intervention, it will immediately return control to the driver, who must take over in cases the system cannot handle.

[DominicAnn]

L4 autonomous driving means the vehicle can operate completely on its own under specific conditions without human intervention, which I, as a car tech enthusiast, am particularly interested in. It relies on a suite of sensors and computer systems, such as radars and cameras, to analyze road conditions in real-time and drive autonomously within predefined areas like cities or highways. You can set a destination, and the car will handle navigation, steering, and braking all by itself, allowing you to take your hands off the wheel completely. This is more advanced than lower levels like L2, eliminating the need for the driver to be constantly ready to take over. The benefits include a more relaxed driving experience and the ability to rest during long trips. However, it has limitations—it only works well in good weather and on familiar roads, requiring human intervention in bad weather. I believe it’s already appearing in some test vehicles and high-end models, and it will become increasingly common in the future, turning driving into a pleasure.

[AngelaMarie]

As a driver with decades of experience, I have firsthand experience with L4 autonomous driving. It means that in designated environments, such as predefined road areas, the vehicle can operate entirely on its own without any input from me on the steering wheel or brakes. When activated on the highway, I can comfortably check my phone or close my eyes to rest, as the system handles lane changes and following other vehicles automatically. However, it relies heavily on map data and real-time monitoring, and I need to be ready to take over in unexpected situations. This technology makes daily commutes more convenient and reduces the risk of fatigued driving. However, it hasn’t yet become mainstream in regular cars and is currently only being tested on experimental routes or in a few luxury models. I believe it will become more common in a few years, gradually changing the way we drive.

[Correia]

I am someone who prioritizes safe driving, and L4 autonomous driving is crucial in terms of safety. It can operate completely independently, driving on its own in specific areas without human intervention. Based on AI and sensors, the system can more accurately identify dangers and reduce accidents caused by human error. It is safer than L3, which still requires human supervision. I believe this can prevent fatigue driving, especially on long journeys where the vehicle takes control. The benefits are obvious, but the limitation is that it only works in defined environments and cannot handle poor road conditions. This technology is still developing and may reduce accident rates, improving overall road safety.