What is engine braking and how does it work?
1 Answers
Engine braking utilizes the compression resistance, internal friction, and intake/exhaust resistance generated during the engine's compression stroke to create a braking effect on the drive wheels. The principle is as follows: 1. Engine braking refers to the momentary opening of the exhaust valve near the top dead center position during the compression stroke when the accelerator is released, releasing the high-pressure gas; 2. After closing the exhaust valve, there is very little gas left in the cylinder. During the expansion stroke when the piston moves from top dead center downward, the cylinder is in a negative pressure state; 3. The gas resists the downward movement of the piston, creating a torque in the opposite direction of the crankshaft, thereby producing a braking effect. Engine braking is an effective method for controlling vehicle speed, commonly used when descending long slopes. Downshifting to utilize engine braking can reduce the use of brakes, primarily because prolonged brake application can cause brake pads to overheat, potentially leading to brake failure. Therefore, engine braking is generally recommended when going downhill.