What is a CVT Transmission?
2 Answers
CVT usually refers to a type of automotive transmission, also known as a continuously variable transmission. The difference between a CVT and a stepped transmission is that its gear ratio is not a series of discrete points but a continuous range of values, thereby achieving good fuel economy, power performance, and smooth driving, while also reducing emissions and costs. Working Principle: In a CVT transmission system, the traditional gears are replaced by a pair of pulleys and a steel belt. Each pulley is actually a V-shaped structure composed of two conical discs. The engine shaft connects to the smaller pulley, which drives the larger pulley via the steel belt. The secret lies in the special pulley: the CVT's drive pulley has a unique structure, divided into movable left and right halves that can move closer together or farther apart. The conical discs can tighten or loosen under hydraulic pressure, squeezing the steel belt to adjust the width of the V-shaped groove. When the conical discs move inward and tighten, the steel belt is pushed outward (centrifugally) by the discs; conversely, it moves inward. In this way, the diameter of the disc driven by the steel belt changes, altering the gear ratio. There are two types of CVT transmissions: MT: Uses gear sets, where the number of teeth in each gear set is fixed, so the gear ratio for each gear is a constant value (referred to as a "step"). AT: Uses dual-parameter control based on vehicle speed and load (throttle pedal travel), with gears shifting automatically according to these two parameters.
I've been driving for many years and have experienced various types of transmissions. The CVT transmission feels the smoothest. It's called a Continuously Variable Transmission, meaning there's no noticeable gear-shifting sensation, and the engine RPM and vehicle speed are always seamlessly connected, as if gliding. Traditional automatic transmissions can have jerky shifts, but the CVT avoids this drawback, making driving more comfortable. During my daily commute, it's very fuel-efficient, significantly improving fuel economy, especially in urban areas. As for drawbacks, some cars may produce a slight humming noise during acceleration, lacking a sense of excitement. However, overall it's easy to handle and suitable for beginners or family sedans. Modern cars like Honda or Nissan often use it, and maintenance requires regular replacement of specialized fluid to prevent belt wear and extend lifespan. From a driving experience perspective, it simplifies operation and is worth recommending.