What grade of gasoline should a Land Cruiser use?

[LaRonan]

Land Cruiser should use 95-octane gasoline, as this is the recommended grade specified in the vehicle's official user manual. In addition to checking the appropriate gasoline grade in the user manual, the Land Cruiser's fuel tank cap also indicates the recommended grade. Generally, the gasoline grade can also be determined based on the engine's compression ratio. Vehicles with an engine compression ratio between 8.6-9.9 should use 92-octane gasoline, while those with a compression ratio between 10.0-11.5 should use 95-octane gasoline. If the compression ratio is higher, 98-octane gasoline is recommended. However, with the application of new technologies, the compression ratio alone cannot determine the gasoline grade. High-compression engines can also be tuned to use lower-octane gasoline because factors such as ignition timing, turbocharging technology, and Atkinson cycle technology also play a role. Generally, the higher the gasoline grade, the higher the octane rating and the better the anti-knock performance. 92-octane gasoline contains 92% isooctane and 8% n-heptane, while 95-octane gasoline contains 95% isooctane and 5% n-heptane. If the Land Cruiser occasionally uses the wrong gasoline grade, simply switch back to the correct grade after refueling. However, long-term use of the wrong gasoline grade can have the following effects: Using a higher-octane gasoline in a vehicle designed for lower-octane fuel will not cause damage, but the increased octane rating can alter the fuel's ignition point, leading to delayed combustion in the engine. This reduces the engine's power output and thermal efficiency, resulting in poorer performance. Using a lower-octane gasoline in a vehicle designed for higher-octane fuel can cause engine knocking. The significantly lower octane rating lowers the fuel's ignition point, causing premature ignition during the compression stroke. If combustion occurs before the spark plug fires, resistance is created during the upward stroke. This resistance makes the engine run very unevenly. Mild knocking may only increase noise without significant engine damage, but severe knocking indicates serious engine issues. The vibrations not only affect driving stability but can also cause abnormal wear on pistons and cylinders, potentially leading to severe engine damage.