What does the term 'permissible towing mass' mean?

[MaximusLynn]

Permissible towing mass refers to the combined weight of the trailer and the cargo being hauled. It is a theoretical value, also known as the 'nominal towing capacity.' The total mass includes both the vehicle and the towed object, meaning the vehicle's weight plus the weight of the towed object, with the towing force applied to this total mass. Therefore, when calculating the total towing mass tonnage, the weight of the towed object should not be considered solely as the nominal towing capacity. Notes on permissible towing mass: 1. Total mass on the driver's license: Refers to the vehicle's curb weight + approved passenger capacity + approved passenger weight (number of passengers in the cabin × average weight of 65 kg per person). 2. Curb weight: The vehicle's own mass. 3. Certified load capacity: The standard mass of cargo the vehicle is designed to carry. 4. Permissible towing mass: Refers to the total mass that a semi-trailer can tow (including the combined mass of the towed vehicle and cargo). It is the sum of the tractor's mass (excluding the driver and fuel), the towed vehicle's mass, and the cargo mass.