SUV stands for Sport Utility Vehicle. It's a vehicle category that blends features of a traditional passenger car with those of a larger, more rugged off-road vehicle like a truck. The key idea is a higher ride height for a commanding view of the road, available all-wheel drive (AWD) for better traction in various conditions, and a versatile interior space for both passengers and cargo. They have become the dominant choice for American families.
While early SUVs were based on truck platforms (body-on-frame construction), making them robust for towing and off-roading but less refined on pavement, most modern SUVs use a car-based unibody architecture. This shift, often referred to as a crossover (CUV), gives them a smoother, more fuel-efficient ride better suited for daily commuting. The term "SUV" is now often used as a catch-all that includes both traditional truck-based and modern car-based models.
The appeal of an SUV is clear. You get a more upright seating position, which many drivers find more comfortable. The increased ground clearance is helpful for navigating rough roads or deep snow. Furthermore, the interior is typically more spacious than a sedan, with many models offering flexible seating configurations and large cargo areas, especially when the rear seats are folded flat.
However, there are trade-offs. Compared to a sedan of a similar size, an SUV generally has a higher center of gravity, which can impact handling and increase rollover risk in extreme situations. Fuel economy is often lower due to increased weight and less aerodynamic shape. They can also be more challenging to park in tight urban spaces.
| Characteristic | Traditional Truck-Based SUV | Modern Car-Based SUV (Crossover) |
|---|
| Platform | Body-on-Frame | Unibody |
| Primary Focus | Towing, Off-Road Capability | On-Road Comfort, Fuel Efficiency |
| Ride Quality | Often stiffer, more truck-like | Softer, more car-like |
| Fuel Economy | Typically Lower | Typically Higher |
| Example Models | Chevrolet Tahoe, Ford Bronco | Honda CR-V, Toyota RAV4 |
