What does ECU mean in a car?

[LaLincoln]

ECU in a car refers to the onboard computer. The ECU (Electronic Control Unit), also known as the vehicle computer or onboard computer, is essentially a specialized microcomputer controller for automobiles. Like a regular computer, it consists of a microprocessor, memory, input/output interfaces, analog-to-digital converters, as well as shaping and driving circuits, all made up of large-scale integrated circuits. The ECU typically operates within a voltage range of 6.5 to 16V, a working current of 0.015 to 0.1A, and a temperature range of -40 to 80 degrees Celsius. It can withstand vibrations below 1000Hz, making the probability of ECU failure very low. Within the ECU, the CPU is the core component, responsible for computation and control functions. When the engine is running, the ECU collects signals from various sensors, performs calculations, and converts the results into control signals to manage the operation of controlled components.