What does ABS mean in a car?
1 Answers
ABS, short for Anti-lock Braking System, functions to automatically control the braking force during vehicle braking, preventing the wheels from locking up and maintaining a state of rolling and sliding (with a slip ratio of around 20%), thereby ensuring maximum traction between the tires and the road surface. The ABS sensor is located on the inner side of the car's tires and can be seen when the vehicle is lifted. The ABS system mainly consists of four components: wheel speed sensors, the electronic control unit (ECU), the hydraulic unit, and the ABS warning light. The wheel speed sensors detect the motion state of the wheels and generate sinusoidal electronic pulse signals, which are then processed by a modulator to convert the pulses into digital signals and transmitted to the electronic control unit. The electronic central control unit (ECU) receives input signals from the wheel speed sensors, calculates the wheel speed, vehicle speed, and slip ratio based on these parameters, determines the wheel state according to the slip ratio, and issues control commands to the hydraulic unit. The hydraulic unit adjusts the pressure in the brake lines based on the control commands, with the adjustment process including pressure holding, pressure increase, and pressure decrease. The ABS warning light alerts the driver to any system malfunctions. If the ABS warning light is illuminated, it is advisable not to continue driving, as this indicates a fault in the vehicle's anti-lock braking system. During emergency braking, if the wheels lock up, the vehicle may skid uncontrollably, making it difficult for the driver to decelerate or adjust the vehicle's trajectory, posing significant safety risks.
