What do the basic automation levels L1 and L2 represent?

[ValerieDella]

Basic automation L1 refers to driver assistance, which only allows the car to operate a very limited number of functions, while L2 is semi-autonomous driving, enabling the car to control multiple functions, with the remaining few functions requiring manual operation by the driver. Main functions of L1-level cars: L1-level cars can only perform a small portion of automated operations, such as setting a fixed speed, allowing the vehicle to appropriately accelerate or decelerate and make slight steering adjustments based on road conditions. The primary functions include adaptive cruise control, automatic emergency braking, and lane-keeping assist. Main functions of L2-level cars: L2-level automation offers a significantly higher degree of operational autonomy. Key features include ACC adaptive cruise control, active lane-keeping, automatic parking, road sign recognition, and automatic lane-changing. Compared to L1-level cars, L2-level vehicles can automatically start, stop, and follow based on obstacle detection, and they can also change lanes. The most notable difference is that L2-level cars can perform automatic parking.