What do hybrid and mild hybrid 48V mean?

[McCarter]

The following introduces the concepts of hybrid and mild hybrid 48V: 1. 48V mild hybrid: As the name suggests, 48V increases the original 12V voltage by four times, enabling it to easily power higher-power onboard electrical equipment. This allows high-power electrical devices such as the steering gear, starter, and air conditioning to continue operating even when the engine is off. Moreover, the 48V system provides better optimization for engine start-stop, braking, and acceleration, directly impacting fuel consumption and emissions. 2. Hybrid: Hybrid vehicles add one or more drive motors to the internal combustion engine, which can not only assist the engine in generating stronger power but also enable the motor to independently drive the vehicle under fixed conditions such as low speed or constant speed.