ABS light illumination can occur in various states, each with different fault causes and corresponding solutions, as detailed below: State 1: ABS warning light remains constantly lit (most common). Cause 1: The ABS wheel speed sensor's sensing area is covered by mud, sludge, or other contaminants, affecting its ability to detect the corresponding wheel speed signal. This prevents the ABS control module from determining the vehicle speed or wheel slip rate, thus failing to issue appropriate commands to regulate braking. Solution: Clean the dirt from the wheel speed sensor and adjust the gap between the sensor and the tone ring to restore normal operation. Cause 2: Poor signal transmission due to loose system wiring connections or faulty ABS relay contacts, leading to system malfunction. Solution: Inspect wiring connections and reconnect any loose terminals. State 2: ABS warning light intermittently illuminates but turns off during acceleration. Cause: When multiple vehicle electrical devices are in use, the battery voltage drops below 10.5V. As engine speed increases, voltage rises, causing the ABS light to extinguish. This may also indicate insufficient power supply voltage to the ABS system, such as poor terminal contact or grounding issues. Solution: Check battery specific gravity; inspect charging system; examine power supply components (e.g., voltage relay or poor power contact). State 3: ABS warning light remains illuminated after engine start until engine IGFF (ignition off). Cause: Poor grounding connection of ABS hydraulic valve body; faulty wiring connector of ABS hydraulic valve body; ABS control module failure. Solution: Loosen and retighten the hydraulic valve body ground screw, cleaning contact surfaces if necessary; check for enlarged connector gaps; replace ABS or ABS/ASR control module. State 4: ABS warning light illuminates during high-speed driving. Cause: During high-speed operation, the ABS control module detects excessive difference between rear and front wheel speed signals; incorrect tire or wheel rim specifications. Solution: Refer to vehicle's tire and wheel rim specifications as indicated on the fuel filler cap label. State 5: ABS warning light intermittently illuminates. Cause: Improper brake light switch adjustment; internal contact failure in brake lights. Solution: With engine running, depress brake pedal and manually push the brake switch linkage downward to its limit, then release pedal to complete self-positioning; replace brake light switch if necessary. When the ABS warning light is illuminated, continued driving is not recommended. An active ABS light indicates malfunction in the anti-lock braking system. During emergency braking, wheel lock-up may occur, causing loss of vehicle control and skidding. This significantly compromises the driver's ability to decelerate or adjust vehicle trajectory, posing substantial safety risks.
