What Causes the Brakes to Feel Hard?

What is the function of a motorcycle steering damper?

The function of a motorcycle steering damper is to reduce the frequency and amplitude of such wobbling, bringing it into an acceptable range. Tracking: When a motorcycle is traveling at high speed, accelerating at full throttle, crossing ditches, or running over stones on the road, the front wheel may lift or have a tendency to lift. At the moment of landing, the direction of the front wheel may deviate from the direction of the motorcycle body. At this time, the front wheel will automatically oscillate to find the direction of the motorcycle body. This process is called "tracking". Steering damper is a double-edged sword: The steering damper is also a double-edged sword, just like a shock absorber. Pursuing handling means sacrificing comfort, while pursuing comfort means sacrificing handling. The better the damping effect of the steering damper, the lower the flexibility of the motorcycle. Conversely, the higher the flexibility of the motorcycle, the higher the risk of wobbling at high speeds. Fortunately, the steering damper is adjustable, providing riders with more choices.

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Which corner of the garage is visible in the right rearview mirror during right reverse parking?

During right reverse parking, the right rearview mirror shows the right corner of the garage. This is because the left corner of the garage is not visible in the right rearview mirror once the rear of the car enters the garage. For right reverse parking, adjust the car's position to be 1.5-1.8 meters away from the left line of the garage before starting to reverse. When the lower edge of the left mirror covers the front line, immediately turn the steering wheel to the right (it's better to do this earlier rather than later, as earlier corrections are easier to make). This is the dead point. When looking at the right mirror, the left and right corners of the garage will appear in sequence, with the later-appearing right corner being the reference point. When the distance between the car body and the corner in the mirror is about 35 centimeters (approximately three fingers' width, which is the turning point), start turning the steering wheel back, adjusting the amount based on the situation (how to determine this will be explained later). At this point, the right corner of the garage in the mirror changes from horizontal movement to a diagonal longitudinal movement in the same direction as the car body. The stopping point is when the lower edge of the left rearview mirror covers the left garage horizontal line. This point differs from the line-covering position at the upper dead point, so adjust accordingly: press less when the seat is higher, press more when the seat is lower, press more when the seat is further back, and press less when the seat is forward.

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Is D the Forward Gear or the Reverse Gear?

The D gear is the forward gear, with its full English name being Drive, meaning "to drive." When this gear is engaged, stepping on the accelerator allows the vehicle to move. In this gear, the transmission will automatically shift based on speed and throttle conditions. At traffic lights, the car can remain in D gear with the brake pedal pressed. If the wait is short, this is fine, but prolonged waiting can raise the transmission oil temperature and degrade the oil. In addition to D, automatic transmission cars also have other letter gears such as P, R, N, S, M, and L, each representing different gear combinations that output varying power levels. When the car operates at different speeds, it needs to "shift gears," meaning selecting different gear combinations to deliver power. Below is a detailed explanation: R gear: Reverse means "to turn back." Whether in manual or automatic transmissions, R stands for the reverse gear. Engaging R gear makes the car move backward. This gear should only be engaged when the vehicle is stationary and the engine is idling. Never use R gear while the car is moving forward, and special attention should be paid to accelerator control when reversing. N gear: Neutral means "neutral," also known as the neutral gear. At traffic lights, this gear can be engaged while pressing the brake. If the wait is long, it is advisable to engage the handbrake, allowing the foot to rest off the brake pedal. A common misconception is that shifting to N gear while coasting downhill or at high speeds saves fuel. This is incorrect—not only does it not save fuel, but it can also damage the transmission. S gear: Sport means "sport" and refers to the sport mode in cars. When this gear is engaged, the transmission delays shifting to provide more power, typically used when overtaking. M gear: Manual means "manual control" and refers to switching to manual mode in cars, similar to operating a manual transmission, requiring manual upshifting and downshifting. L gear: Low means "low speed" and refers to the low-speed forward gear in cars. When this gear is engaged, the transmission operates only in low gear (equivalent to first gear in a manual transmission) and does not automatically shift based on speed changes. This gear is typically used when climbing or descending steep slopes. In low gear, the drive wheels deliver high torque, ensuring sufficient power for steep climbs. Prolonged braking can overheat the brake pads, reducing braking efficiency, which is dangerous on long descents or steep slopes. Engaging L gear uses the engine's low RPM to control the vehicle's movement, eliminating the need for constant braking.

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What is the optimal installation position for ETC?

The ETC installation position for small cars is generally in the upper middle section of the front windshield horizontally, while for large vehicles like trucks and buses, it should be installed in the lower middle section. The suitable installation position should be no lower than 1.2 meters and no higher than 2.5 meters, with an installation angle between 30 to 90 degrees. For vehicles with factory-installed or aftermarket explosion-proof film, which may affect the signal transmission of the microwave communication link, the ETC should be installed in the microwave skylight strip. ETC stands for Electronic-Toll-Collection, meaning electronic toll collection system. To apply for ETC, the vehicle owner needs to provide original and photocopies of their valid ID card and vehicle registration certificate. If the application is handled by a non-owner, the agent's valid ID card is also required. The photocopy of the vehicle registration certificate should include the page with the most recent annual inspection seal. A bank card for deducting highway tolls is also needed, and the vehicle must be registered under an individual aged between 18 and 60. Here are some precautions for installing ETC: Do not obstruct the view; it is best to install it behind the rearview mirror: Many car models have windshields with a large rearward tilt angle, which can reduce the driver's field of vision. If ETC is installed without considering this, it may increase the driver's blind spot. Installing it behind the rearview mirror on the right side can avoid obstructing the view. Do not interfere with charging: The ETC electronic tag consumes power but generally does not require charging or battery replacement because it has a solar panel on the back for self-charging. Therefore, during installation, avoid the blackened areas on the windshield and positions that may block the solar panel. Once installed, do not remove it arbitrarily: The button in the middle of the adhesive is an anti-tamper lever connected to a switch. After the electronic tag is installed, the windshield will press the anti-tamper lever in. If the tag is removed arbitrarily, the lever will pop out and trigger the switch, locking the electronic tag and rendering it unusable. In such cases, you will need to visit an ETC service point to unlock it. This mechanism is designed to prevent multiple vehicles from sharing one device. When using ETC, note the following: The ETC transaction sensing range is 8 meters. To prevent the ETC device of the vehicle in front from malfunctioning, maintain a distance of more than 10 meters from the vehicle ahead to avoid automatic toll deduction for the wrong vehicle. The ETC lane recognition speed is 20 kilometers per hour; driving too fast may result in failure to read the vehicle's device information and subsequent toll deduction failure. When using a debit card linked to ETC, insufficient balance may also cause toll deduction failure.

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How Serious Is the Issue of Oil on Spark Plugs?

Oil on spark plugs can lead to difficulties in starting the engine, lack of power during acceleration, increased fuel consumption, and other issues. It is necessary to promptly inspect and replace the spark plugs. Steps for replacing spark plugs: Open the engine hood, lift the plastic cover of the engine, remove the high-voltage ignition wires, and mark the position of each cylinder to avoid confusion. Use a spark plug socket to remove the spark plugs one by one. While removing them, check for any leaves, dust, or other debris on the exterior and ensure they are thoroughly cleaned. Place the new spark plug into the spark plug hole, hand-tighten it a few turns, and then use the socket to tighten it further. Reinstall the high-voltage ignition wires in the firing order, and then secure the cover. Methods to determine if a spark plug is damaged: Remove the spark plug and observe its appearance. The condition of the spark plug can be judged based on the following color observations. A normal spark plug has an insulator skirt and electrodes that appear gray-white, gray-yellow, or light brown. A properly functioning spark plug has a reddish-brown insulator skirt, with an electrode gap between 0.8-0.9mm and no signs of electrode burn. If the spark plug is contaminated with oil or deposits but is not damaged, it can continue to be used after cleaning off the oil and deposits. If the spark plug is severely damaged, showing signs such as blistering at the top, black streaks, cracks, or melted electrodes, the cause of the damage should be identified. After troubleshooting, replace the spark plug with a new one. Additionally, if the spark plug appears black as if smoked, it indicates that the wrong heat range was selected or the air-fuel mixture is too rich, causing oil to rise.

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What is the fuel consumption of the Tiguan L?

The Tiguan L currently has 6 models on sale. Among them, four models including the 2022 330TSI Automatic Two-Wheel Drive Comfort Edition and the 2022 330TSI Automatic Two-Wheel Drive Premium Edition, equipped with a 186-horsepower engine, have an NEDC fuel consumption of 6.6L per 100 kilometers. Two models, such as the 2022 380TSI Automatic Four-Wheel Drive R-Line Premium Edition 7-Seater, equipped with a 220-horsepower engine, have an NEDC fuel consumption of 7.7L per 100 kilometers. The fuel tank capacity varies among different Tiguan L models. The distance that can be covered with a full tank of fuel is as follows: Models equipped with a 186-horsepower engine have a fuel tank capacity of 60L, allowing a distance of 60/6.6*100=909KM on a full tank. Models equipped with a 220-horsepower engine have a fuel tank capacity of 62.5L, allowing a distance of 62.5/7.7*100=812KM on a full tank. The fuel consumption of a car is directly related to five major factors: driving habits, the car itself, road conditions, natural wind, and environmental temperature. Specific factors that can increase fuel consumption include: Driving habits: Aggressive driving, such as sudden acceleration, frequent overtaking, and not easing off the throttle before a red light, can increase fuel consumption. The car itself: Cars with larger engine displacements generally consume more fuel than those with smaller displacements because larger displacements usually mean higher power, requiring more gasoline for combustion. Heavier cars also consume more fuel because greater weight requires more driving torque. Road conditions: Driving on dirt roads, muddy roads, soft surfaces, or mountainous roads increases resistance and fuel consumption. Natural wind: Driving against the wind or on windy days increases the car's resistance and fuel consumption. Low environmental temperatures: When the engine block is cold, the injected gasoline does not atomize easily, requiring more gasoline for combustion, thus increasing fuel consumption. Additionally, at low temperatures, the engine's computer may control the engine to run at higher RPMs to warm up, which also increases fuel consumption.

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What Causes the Brakes to Feel Hard?

What is the function of a motorcycle steering damper?

Which corner of the garage is visible in the right rearview mirror during right reverse parking?

Is D the Forward Gear or the Reverse Gear?

What is the optimal installation position for ETC?

How Serious Is the Issue of Oil on Spark Plugs?

What is the fuel consumption of the Tiguan L?

What is the difference between a straight push master cylinder and a side push master cylinder?

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What is E43 type electrode?

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