What Causes a Car to Fail to Start in Winter?

[LaColin]

Car failure to start in winter is due to the slowed flow of engine oil, freezing of the exhaust pipe, excessive carbon buildup in the throttle, or engine malfunction. In winter, cars need to warm up to lubricate engine components, but prolonged idling to warm up should be avoided. Starting the vehicle without warming up prevents the engine from reaching its optimal operating temperature, which can affect the engine's lifespan. Additionally, the transmission gears require lubrication; warming up allows the gear oil to circulate back to the upper part of the transmission. Driving under lubricated conditions can save fuel and prevent wear on car parts.

[Yolanda]

I just went through this! This morning at minus ten degrees Celsius, the car wouldn't start no matter what. After struggling for a while, I finally understood: in low temperatures, the battery is particularly prone to losing charge, as changes in electrolyte concentration reduce its discharge capacity. The engine oil becomes as thick as syrup, making it extremely difficult for the engine to turn over. Gasoline also has poorer atomization in the fuel lines, and if the air-fuel mixture isn't right, it won't ignite. Another possibility is excessive carbon buildup on the spark plug electrodes, making it even harder to spark in the cold. Now I've learned my lesson—before winter hits, I test the battery's lifespan, switch to winter-specific engine oil (0W or 5W grade), opt for higher-grade antifreeze gasoline, and always keep jumper cables in the trunk. That way, I won't be left helpless in the freezing wind.

[JasmineLee]

My friend who does transportation in the north told me that in winter, vehicles breaking down are mostly due to these issues: Lead-acid batteries weaken below freezing, especially old ones used for three or four years; conventional engine oil has poor low-temperature fluidity, leading to inadequate lubrication at startup and dry friction in the engine; water in gasoline freezing and clogging fuel lines is also common, particularly in diesel vehicles; some overlook spark plug lifespan, where excessive gaps directly prevent ignition. His advice is practical: before winter each year, replace with -35°C antifreeze windshield washer fluid, switch to low-temperature anti-wear engine oil, replace old batteries in advance, and try to park the vehicle in a garage. If stranded on the road, don’t force ignition; first turn on the electric heater or hazard lights to seek help.

[LuciaFitz]

Auto mechanics have analyzed numerous cases: low temperatures cause a sudden drop in battery voltage, resulting in a weak starter. The most troublesome issue is when the gasoline car's fuel pump filter screen gets clogged with wax, blocking the fuel line, while diesel vehicles are more prone to fuel freezing. Extreme cases have occurred where the coolant's freezing point was insufficient, leading to radiator freezing, expansion, and cylinder scoring. It is recommended to use high-grade fuel from reputable gas stations, regularly change to antifreeze engine oil (the smaller the number before W, the better), and park with the car facing a building to block the wind. In emergencies, turning on the headlights for 20 seconds can activate the battery, but do not crank the engine for more than 5 seconds.

[EmmaLee]

Mechanical Magazine mentioned the principle of cold starts: at -18°C, engine resistance doubles, but battery output drops by 40%. Therefore, using low-viscosity 0W/20 oil is necessary to reduce friction. For the fuel system, it's essential to ensure sufficient gasoline vapor pressure and a proper air-fuel mixture ratio. Some people modify electrical circuits, leading to dangerous current leakage. If you experience difficulty starting in the morning, don't force it; first turn the key to the ON position and wait for the fuel pump to operate for 5 seconds before starting. Develop good habits for garage parking: turn off power-consuming devices like the air conditioner and headlights before shutting off the engine.