Most modern cars use a timing chain, not a belt. A timing chain is a metal component designed to last the lifetime of the engine, while a timing belt is a rubber belt that requires periodic replacement, typically between 60,000 and 100,000 miles. The trend has shifted heavily toward chains for their durability and lower long-term maintenance costs. However, many reliable vehicles from the last 15 years still use belts, so knowing which system your car has is critical for proper maintenance.
The primary advantage of a timing chain is its longevity. Made of metal, it's built to endure the harsh environment inside an engine. You might never need to replace it. A timing belt, however, will wear out. If it breaks, it can cause catastrophic engine damage, often requiring a full engine rebuild or replacement. This makes adhering to the manufacturer's replacement schedule essential.
To give you a clearer picture, here are some examples of popular models and their timing components:
| Car Model (Approx. 2005-2020) | Timing Component | Typical Replacement Interval (if a belt) |
|---|
| Honda Civic (1.8L) | Belt | 100,000 miles |
| Toyota Camry (4-cylinder) | Chain | Often lifetime of engine |
| Ford Focus (1.0L EcoBoost) | Belt | 150,000 miles |
| Volkswagen Golf (2.0L TSI) | Chain | Often lifetime of engine |
| Chevrolet Cruze (1.4L Turbo) | Chain | Often lifetime of engine |
| Subaru Outback (most models) | Belt | 105,000 miles |
| BMW 3 Series (N20 engine) | Chain | Often lifetime of engine |
| Hyundai Elantra (1.8L) | Chain | Often lifetime of engine |
The best way to be certain is to consult your owner's manual. You can also search online for your specific car's year, make, model, and engine size. As a general rule, many European and American brands have moved to chains, while Japanese manufacturers like Honda and Subaru have stuck with belts on many of their engines for design reasons. When buying a used car, always check the service history to see if the timing belt has been changed; if it's near the interval and there's no record, factor that cost into your decision.
