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What Are the Types of Suspension Systems?

2 Answers

PaisleyAnn

07/29/25 9:57am

Suspension types can be divided into two main categories: independent suspension and non-independent suspension. Independent suspension mainly includes: double-wishbone suspension, double A-arm suspension, multi-link suspension, MacPherson strut suspension, etc. Non-independent suspension mainly includes: multi-leaf spring suspension, torsion beam suspension, leaf spring non-independent suspension, coil spring non-independent suspension, and air spring non-independent suspension. Independent suspension refers to each wheel having its own elastic suspension system, operating independently without affecting each other. Non-independent suspension means the wheels do not have a relatively independent structure and are integrated, characterized by the inability to independently filter bumps, where movement of one wheel affects the other.

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Lawrence

08/13/25 12:10pm

I've driven quite a few cars and noticed there are many suspension types, each giving a different feel. For example, MacPherson strut suspension is common in compact sedans—it feels slightly stiff, provides stable cornering but a bit bumpy, and is cost-effective for daily commutes. Multi-link suspension is often found in mid-size SUVs or luxury cars, offering a soft and comfortable ride with excellent road vibration absorption, making rear passengers less prone to motion sickness, though maintenance can be pricier. Torsion beam suspension is widely used in small cars like the Honda Fit—simple, durable, and fine for city driving, though slightly bumpy on highways but fuel-efficient. Independent suspension generally delivers better handling, ideal for sporty drivers, as seen in many sports cars. Non-independent suspensions like solid axles are common in pickups or off-road vehicles—rugged but less comfortable, great for absorbing impacts during off-roading. Air suspension is more advanced, featured in models like the Mercedes S-Class or Tesla Model X—it adjusts ride height for better clearance, reduces fatigue on long trips but consumes more power. Choosing the right type enhances both driving pleasure and comfort.

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Is the Accelerator Used in Subject 2?

Subject 2 of the driving test does not require the use of the accelerator. Below are specific techniques for Subject 2 of the driving test: 1. Slow speed: Maintaining a slow speed is the most fundamental rule for practicing Subject 2. Ensure the vehicle doesn't stop while keeping the speed as slow as possible—the slower, the better. A slow speed allows sufficient time to adjust each operation. 2. Adjust the rearview mirrors: After getting into the car, always adjust the rearview mirrors properly, which is particularly important for reverse parking and parallel parking. 3. Master the three-point alignment method: The three points are the driver's eyes, a reference point on the car, and a reference point on the ground. During Subject 2 operations, it's essential to accurately locate these points and observe carefully to ensure precision. 4. Pay attention to the four corners of the car: The front corner during reverse parking can easily graze the outer line; the rear corner can easily graze the side lines of the parking space; the front corner during curve driving can easily cross the line; the front corner during a right-angle turn can easily cross the line; the front corner during parallel parking can easily graze the outer line or the left front corner of the parking space, while the right rear corner can easily graze the right parking space line. Therefore, always be mindful of the four corners and the outer boundary lines.

How to Adjust the Driver's Seat to the Optimal Position?

Car seats generally have three adjustment methods: height adjustment, front-rear adjustment, and backrest adjustment. Extended information is as follows: 1. Height adjustment: This refers to the driver adjusting the seat height based on their own height and arm length. Everyone's driving habits and height are different, so the seat should be adjusted to the most comfortable position. First, depending on height, there should be at least a fist's distance between the head and the car roof. If the seat is adjusted too high, bumps during driving may cause the head to hit the roof. Secondly, the driver's visibility should be considered. The driver's line of sight should fall on the middle position of the front windshield, which is the optimal driving view. 2. Front-rear adjustment: This refers to the distance between the seat and the car pedals. Considering the driver's height, if the seat is too far from the pedals, the feet may not reach them, affecting the accuracy and force when stepping on the pedals. Therefore, the front-rear position of the seat must be adjusted to the most suitable distance. 3. Backrest adjustment: This refers to the inclination of the seat backrest. Generally, the more inclined the seat, the more comfortable it feels. However, excessive inclination can affect car control, so it should be adjusted to a suitable inclination to maintain the best driving condition.

What Does Incorrect Use of Brake and Accelerator Pedals Mean?

Incorrect use of brake and accelerator pedals refers to not stepping on the brake when deceleration is required or mistakenly stepping on the accelerator, or not stepping on the accelerator when acceleration is needed or mistakenly stepping on the brake. Incorrect use of brake and accelerator pedals results in an immediate deduction of 100 points, leading to a direct failure. Additional information is as follows: 1. Starting in Subject 3: Upon hearing the voice prompt 'Please start,' depress the clutch, shift into first gear, turn on the left turn signal (for more than 3 seconds), simultaneously (turn head left) observe the left rearview mirror, confirm safety, sound the horn, release the parking brake, start smoothly, and straighten the turn signal. 2. Examination Conditions: According to Article 44 of the 'Regulations on the Application and Use of Motor Vehicle Driver's Licenses,' each subject is examined once. If the examination is failed, a retake is allowed once. If the retake is not attended or still results in failure, the examination is terminated, and the applicant must reschedule the examination. However, Subject 2 and Subject 3 examinations must be scheduled at least ten days later. If the Subject 3 safety and civilized driving knowledge test is failed, the passed road driving skill test scores remain valid.

Should You Release the Handbrake or Shift to First Gear First in Subject Two?

In Subject Two, you should shift to gear before releasing the handbrake. This is because the road surface when the vehicle is parked is not completely flat and may have a slope. If you release the handbrake before shifting to gear, the vehicle may roll backward. Below are the relevant details: 1. Starting Gear Control: Whenever the vehicle moves from a stationary position, the gear should remain in first. 2. Sequential Gear Shifting: Skipping gears during the Subject Two test is strictly prohibited. Gear changes must be sequential, such as from first to second gear or second to third gear. Otherwise, the test recorder will log it and deduct corresponding points. If you mistakenly shift to the wrong gear, immediately return the gear to the correct position and shift again. 3. Stable Gear Shifting: When shifting gears, the clutch must be fully depressed, and gear changes should only occur within a certain speed range. 4. Driving Speed: Master the key points of steering and turn at the right time. Control the driving route well—the vehicle's path mainly depends on the speed of steering wheel rotation and driving speed. When reversing, accurately observe the side lines and promptly adjust the direction to ensure the vehicle enters the garage straight.

How many days of study are required before taking the Subject 2 test?

Subject 2 generally requires 12-22 days of study before taking the test. In driving schools, for C1/C2 driver's license training, the theoretical study time for Subject 2 must reach 2 hours, and the practical training time must reach 22 hours before the test can be taken. Below is relevant information about Subject 2: 1. Test content: Subject 2, also known as the small road test, is part of the motor vehicle driver's license assessment, referred to as the field driving skill test. The test items for C1/C2 vehicles include five mandatory tests: reversing into a garage, parallel parking, stopping and starting on a slope, turning at a right angle, and driving on a curved path. 2. Test objectives: Master the basic driving operation essentials and possess the fundamental ability to control the vehicle; proficiently master the basic methods of field and on-site road driving, possess the ability to reasonably use vehicle operating components and correctly control the spatial position of the vehicle, and be able to accurately control the vehicle's driving position, speed, and route.

What Causes Low-Speed Vehicle Body Shaking?

Low-speed vehicle body shaking is primarily caused by the accumulation of carbon deposits in areas such as the throttle body, intake tract, and valves. When the engine is cold, these deposits absorb some gasoline. As the engine warms up, the gasoline evaporates, leading to an overly rich air-fuel mixture during idle, which results in low-speed shaking. Throttle maintenance methods: 1. Release gases: Engine oil volatilizes under heat during use. The longer the usage period and the higher the temperature, the stronger the volatilization. Additionally, some compressed gas from the cylinder will inevitably squeeze into the crankcase through the piston ring gaps. Therefore, there must be a passage to release these gases; otherwise, the oil pan will develop positive pressure. 2. Negative pressure extraction: The reason the crankcase ventilation tube connects to the throttle body is partly due to environmental requirements and partly to utilize the intake's negative pressure to extract gases from the crankcase. When oil vapor reaches the intake pipe, it cools down, causing the oil to condense on the intake tract and throttle body. The carbon deposits mixed in the vapor will also deposit in these areas. Since the throttle opening has the highest airflow rate, a small space, and lower gas temperature, this part is most prone to condensation.

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