What are the types of spark plugs?
2 Answers
Spark plugs are divided into five types: standard type, electrode type, seat type, pole type, and surface gap type. A spark plug consists of a terminal nut, center electrode, ground electrode, metal shell, and insulator. Its working process is as follows: 1. After ignition, the electrode generates high voltage; 2. It ignites the air-fuel mixture in the engine cylinder, causing combustion; 3. The piston is pushed, the engine starts running, and the vehicle can move. Working principle of spark plugs: The ground electrode of the spark plug is connected to the metal shell, which is threaded into the engine block through the cylinder head. Through continuous electrical discharge, the spark plug generates pulsed high voltage that breaks down the air between its two electrodes, creating a spark and explosion to ignite the air-fuel mixture in the cylinder, thereby starting the engine.
There are four main types of spark plugs. Copper-core spark plugs are the basic type, with electrodes made of copper material. They are inexpensive and easy to install, but have poor heat resistance and are prone to wear, typically requiring replacement every 20,000 kilometers. They are suitable for older or budget-conscious vehicles with low maintenance budgets. Platinum spark plugs feature a platinum-coated electrode, improving corrosion resistance and providing more stable ignition, with a lifespan extended to 40,000–60,000 kilometers. They are a balanced choice for most family cars, offering a good mix of cost and performance. Iridium spark plugs have thinner electrodes made of iridium, delivering stronger ignition energy, improving fuel efficiency, and lasting up to 80,000–100,000 kilometers or more. They are particularly suitable for high-performance vehicles or modern models focused on fuel economy, providing a smoother driving experience. There are also bimetallic spark plugs, such as iridium-platinum spark plugs, which combine the advantages of both metals for enhanced durability, though at a higher price. It’s important to choose the right type based on your vehicle’s engine requirements to avoid issues like engine vibration or increased fuel consumption due to mismatched components.
