What are the two major mechanisms and five major systems of an engine?

[AxelLee]

Engine's two major mechanisms and five major systems are: crank-connecting rod mechanism, valve train mechanism, as well as fuel supply system, lubrication system, cooling system, ignition system and starting system. The automobile engine is the device that provides power for the vehicle, determining its power performance, fuel economy, stability and environmental friendliness. According to different power sources, automobile engines can be divided into diesel engines, gasoline engines, electric vehicle motors and hybrid power. Common gasoline and diesel engines belong to reciprocating piston internal combustion engines, which convert the chemical energy of fuel into the mechanical energy of piston movement to output power.

[DelNicole]

From my personal experience, the core of an engine consists of two major mechanisms and five major systems. The two major mechanisms refer to the crankshaft-connecting rod mechanism and the valve train mechanism. The crankshaft-connecting rod mechanism primarily converts the linear motion of the pistons into rotational motion, much like how human bones drive limb movement, serving as the direct source of power. The valve train mechanism is responsible for controlling the opening and closing timing of the intake and exhaust valves, ensuring the correct flow of air and fuel in and out of the cylinders. The five major systems include the fuel supply system—which precisely injects gasoline or diesel into the engine; the cooling system—preventing overheating by circulating coolant to reduce temperature; the lubrication system—using engine oil to minimize friction and wear between components; the starting system—relying on the battery and electric motor to ignite the engine; and the ignition system—specifically designed for gasoline engines to generate sparks that detonate the air-fuel mixture. Understanding these is crucial for daily maintenance, such as checking oil levels and coolant levels to prevent engine failure, extending the lifespan of the car, and avoiding unnecessary repair hassles. Remember to perform minor maintenance every 5,000 kilometers or every six months to ensure smooth operation of all systems, making driving safer and more worry-free.

[DeEthan]

As a car enthusiast, the structure of an engine is fascinating. The two major mechanisms are the crankshaft connecting rod mechanism and the valve mechanism. The former converts the up-and-down motion of the pistons into the rotation of the wheels, while the latter manages gas exchange. The five major systems include the fuel system—delivering fuel for power; the cooling system—dissipating heat to prevent overheating; the lubrication system—reducing friction and protecting components; the starting system—igniting to start the engine; and the ignition system—sparking to ignite the air-fuel mixture. These systems work in harmony to ensure the engine runs smoothly and efficiently. If one of them malfunctions, such as a clogged cooling system, white smoke may emerge from the hood, compromising driving safety. Regular inspections of these parts are crucial. I recommend that car owners learn basic self-check methods, such as feeling the engine temperature or using a diagnostic tool to read fault codes. Maintaining these small details can significantly improve fuel efficiency and reduce repair costs.

[DiFrancisco]

Simply put, the two major mechanisms of an engine are the crankshaft connecting rod mechanism, which drives the piston to rotate the crankshaft, and the valve train mechanism, which controls the opening and closing of valves. The five major systems involve fuel supply—delivering fuel to the cylinders; cooling—liquid circulation for heat dissipation; lubrication—applying oil to prevent seizing; starting—igniting the engine; and ignition—sparking in gasoline engines. These fundamental structures determine engine performance, and neglecting maintenance can easily lead to problems. For example, insufficient lubrication accelerates wear, and cooling failure causes engine overheating. Paying attention to abnormal noises or rising temperatures during daily driving can help prevent issues in time.