What are the two major mechanisms and five major systems in engine construction?
2 Answers
1. Two major mechanisms in engine construction: 1.1 Crank-connecting rod mechanism. The crank-connecting rod mechanism is the main moving component that enables the engine to complete the working cycle and energy conversion, consisting of the cylinder block group, piston-connecting rod group, and crankshaft-flywheel group. 1.2 Valve train. The function of the valve train is to open and close the intake and exhaust valves according to the engine's working sequence and process. 2. Five major systems in engine construction: 2.1 Cooling system. The function of the cooling system is to dissipate the heat absorbed by heated components in a timely manner, ensuring the engine operates at the optimal temperature. 2.2 Fuel supply system. The function of the gasoline engine's fuel supply system is to prepare a certain quantity and concentration of the air-fuel mixture to enter the cylinder according to the engine's requirements and to expel the exhaust gases from the cylinder to the atmosphere. 2.3 Lubrication system. The function of the lubrication system is to deliver a certain amount of clean lubricating oil to the surfaces of moving parts, reducing friction resistance, minimizing wear, and cleaning and cooling the parts' surfaces. 2.4 Ignition system. In gasoline engines, the combustible mixture in the cylinder is ignited by an electric spark. The cylinder head of a gasoline engine is equipped with a spark plug, the tip of which extends into the combustion chamber. 2.5 Starting and charging system. The starting system consists of a battery, ignition switch, starter relay, and starter motor. The function of the starting system is to convert the battery's electrical energy into mechanical energy through the starter motor to start the engine.
As an old car enthusiast, I remember the core of the engine consists of two major mechanisms and five major systems. The two major mechanisms: the valve train controls the opening and closing of valves, managing intake and exhaust to ensure smooth engine breathing; the crankshaft and connecting rod mechanism converts the up-and-down motion of the pistons into rotational power, transmitting it to the wheels. The five major systems include the cooling system, which dissipates heat using coolant to prevent engine overheating; the lubrication system, which reduces friction with engine oil to extend component lifespan; the fuel supply system, which delivers gasoline or diesel to provide combustion material; the ignition system, which uses electric sparks to ignite the air-fuel mixture; and the starting system, which uses the starter motor to get the engine running. The overall design is incredibly intricate, with each part being indispensable. When driving older cars, I often encountered cooling system issues—if heat dissipation fails, the engine can stall or get damaged, so regular maintenance should include checking the radiator and engine oil. When these systems work in harmony, the engine operates efficiently with lower fuel consumption, delivering a smooth driving experience.
