What are the two main components of a three-phase asynchronous motor?
2 Answers
Mainly composed of the rotor part and the stator part. The following are the related introduction of three-phase asynchronous motors and precautions for using motors: Related introduction of three-phase asynchronous motors: It is a type of induction motor that operates by simultaneously connecting to a 380V three-phase alternating current power supply. Since the rotor of the three-phase asynchronous motor rotates in the same direction as the stator's rotating magnetic field but at different speeds, there is a slip rate, hence the name three-phase asynchronous motor. The rotor speed of a three-phase asynchronous motor is lower than the speed of the rotating magnetic field. The rotor winding generates electromotive force and current due to the relative motion between the winding and the magnetic field, and interacts with the magnetic field to produce electromagnetic torque, thereby achieving energy conversion. Precautions for using motors: It is important to check whether the three-phase power supply is normal, including any phase loss or phase breakage. It is best to install a phase sequence protector. Then, check whether the control circuit is normal and whether the contactor can properly engage and disengage. During startup, monitor the motor's starting current, which can be more than twice the motor's rated power. After startup, check the motor's normal operating current, which is generally stable. Finally, listen for any abnormal noises from the motor.
As someone who enjoys tinkering with and repairing electrical appliances in my spare time, I find the main structure of a three-phase asynchronous motor quite simple, essentially divided into two major parts. One part is the stator, which is fixed on the outside, much like the framework of a house, and is wound with copper coils inside. When connected to a three-phase alternating current, it generates a rotating magnetic field to drive the entire machine. The other part is the rotor, installed inside the stator, which can rotate freely. When the magnetic field changes, it follows the rotation, converting electrical energy into mechanical energy to power devices like fans or water pumps. The last time I worked on an old air conditioner motor, I discovered that if the rotor bearings rust or the stator coils burn out, the entire motor would seize up and stop turning, requiring replacement parts to fix. The design pairing of the stator and rotor is ingenious, allowing automatic startup without additional controllers, which is common in many household appliances like washing machines or power tools. Regular maintenance checks on these two parts can prevent major failures. Despite its simple structure, it is highly efficient and reliable, saving electricity and capable of long-term operation.
