What are the techniques for reversing a semi-trailer?
4 Answers
Here is a detailed introduction to the techniques for reversing a semi-trailer: 1. Master the method: Before reversing, adjust the truck head and body, try to keep the truck head and trailer straight, or tilt the truck head toward the side of the target parking space. Then follow the basic method: turn the steering wheel clockwise when reversing to the left, and counterclockwise when reversing to the right. 2. Observe the surroundings: Whether moving forward or reversing, always be aware of the surroundings. If visibility is limited, have someone assist with guidance, but try to keep the guide within sight and maintain a safe distance between the person and the vehicle.
With over two decades of truck driving experience, I've mastered the reverse steering technique for semi-trailers. When you turn the wheel, the trailer moves in the opposite direction—for example, to shift the trailer left, you steer right. Before starting, always step out to survey the terrain and align the tractor and trailer as straight as possible. During reversing, constantly monitor the trailer's rear movement in the mirrors, making only minor steering adjustments since excessive turns can quickly misalign the entire rig. If the angle exceeds 20 degrees, immediately pull forward two meters to reposition. I always emphasize practice to my trainees—like using cones in freight yards for 30-minute slow drills to develop crucial spatial awareness. Maintain tortoise-like speeds during reversing, keeping your right foot ready to brake for emergencies.
Safety always comes first when reversing. Semi-trailers have large blind spots, so I walk around the vehicle before each reverse to check road conditions, especially for obstacles at the rear. During reversing, maintain minimum speed and keep eyes on all three mirrors - the main mirror for trailer rear, side mirrors for axle position, and convex mirrors for blind spots. Beginners often make the mistake of steering too sharply; it's safest to have a spotter outside using walkie-talkies. Extra caution is needed in rain - reverse at half normal speed. The key technique is pausing to observe every half meter moved, allowing immediate braking if needed.
When first learning to reverse a semi-trailer, it may feel quite challenging. The key is to understand its movement characteristics. For example, if you want the trailer's rear to go left, you need to turn the steering wheel to the right. During practice, it's recommended to find an open space and use cardboard boxes as markers. Start by aligning the vehicle straight and then slowly reverse. Each steering wheel adjustment should not exceed 15 degrees, and keep your eyes fixed on the movement direction of the markers in the rearview mirror. If you notice any deviation, make small corrections immediately—never jerk the steering wheel sharply. If the vehicle becomes significantly misaligned, drive forward one meter to readjust. Practicing three to four times on weekends, 20 minutes each session, will help you quickly get the hang of it. Remember, slower speed allows for faster reaction.
