What are the systems that make up the chassis?
4 Answers
The chassis consists of four major systems: the transmission system, steering system, braking system, and running gear system. Here is a detailed introduction to the four major systems of an automobile chassis: Transmission System: The function of the transmission system is to transmit the engine's power to the driving wheels. The composition of the chassis varies slightly depending on the type of vehicle. For example, in trucks and some sedans, the chassis typically includes the clutch, manual transmission, universal drive assembly, and drive axle. However, modern sedans increasingly use automatic transmissions, where the chassis consists of the automatic transmission, universal drive assembly, and drive axle—replacing the clutch and manual transmission. For off-road vehicles (including SUVs, or sport utility vehicles), the chassis also includes a transfer case. Running Gear System: The function of the running gear system is to support and install various automotive components and assemblies, transmit and withstand loads from both inside and outside the vehicle, ensuring normal operation. It mainly consists of the frame (or body), axles, suspension, and wheels. Steering System: The function of the steering system is to ensure the vehicle can move in the direction selected by the driver. It primarily includes the steering control mechanism, steering gear, and steering linkage. Modern vehicles commonly use power steering systems. Braking System: The function of the braking system is to decelerate the vehicle, bring it to a stop, and ensure reliable parking. The automotive braking system generally includes two independent systems: the service braking system and the parking braking system. Each braking system consists of brakes and braking transmission mechanisms. Modern vehicles' service braking systems are typically equipped with an anti-lock braking system (ABS).
When I refurbished my old car, I learned that the chassis mainly consists of four major systems: transmission, running gear, steering, and braking. The transmission is responsible for delivering engine power to the wheels, such as the gearbox and differential; the running gear uses suspension and wheels to absorb road impacts for a smoother ride; the steering system controls turning direction through components connected to the steering wheel; and the braking system uses brake discs and pads to slow down and stop. I've also experienced severe bumpiness due to suspension issues, so it's important to regularly check for worn components. These systems work in coordination to ensure the car runs smoothly and safely—neglecting them significantly increases risks when driving at high speeds. A good chassis can greatly enhance the driving experience.
Based on experience, the chassis system mainly consists of the transmission, suspension, steering, and braking systems. The transmission system handles power transfer, involving components like the clutch and drive shaft. The suspension system includes springs and shock absorbers to cushion road impacts. The steering system uses linkages to turn the wheels, while the braking system controls wheel stopping. Common repair issues include loose steering linkages or worn brake pads, which can cause noise or vibration. I recommend conducting simple quarterly checks on these components, such as inspecting tire pressure and brake fluid levels, to prevent major problems. Chassis failures often require towing for repairs, making preventive maintenance a much more cost-effective and hassle-free approach.
From a safety perspective, the several systems of the chassis—the drivetrain transmitting power, the suspension supporting the body, the steering adjusting direction, and the brakes slowing down and stopping—are all crucial. Steering failure or brake malfunction can directly lead to accidents, so it's essential to ensure they are functioning properly. I've seen suspension damage create a risk of rollover. Checking these systems before driving can ensure your safety on the road.
