What are the structural components and working principles of new energy vehicles?
2 Answers
New energy vehicles consist of three main systems: the electric drive system, the power supply system, and the auxiliary system. The working principle of new energy vehicles is: they use electrical energy generated through electrochemical reactions in fuel cells (where hydrogen and oxygen from the air react under the influence of a catalyst) as the primary power source to drive the vehicle. Examples of new energy vehicle models include: BYD Han, Ora Black Cat, Tesla Model 3, Changan BenBen EV, and NIO ES6. Taking the 2021 Tesla Model 3 as an example, its body dimensions are: length 4694mm, width 1850mm, height 1443mm, with a wheelbase of 2875mm and a trunk capacity of 425 liters.
I've been driving a new energy vehicle to commute for a long time, and its structure is really not complicated: the main large battery pack is usually hidden under the car or in the trunk, storing electricity to replace gasoline. The motor is located near the wheels, acting like a quiet engine to drive the vehicle forward. The controller serves as the brain, regulating all power output and recovery. The charging port is on the side or front of the car, offering various charging methods: a home socket can fully charge it overnight, or a DC fast charger can get it done in half an hour. The working principle is particularly smart: when you press the accelerator, the battery supplies power to the motor for instant acceleration, silent and swift; when you release the pedal to slow down, it captures kinetic energy and converts it back into electricity to recharge the battery—this is called regenerative braking, saving energy! Daily driving saves money and time, with clean and pollution-free air, making it a perfect match for urban commuting.