What are the standards for automobile exhaust emission testing?

What is the principle of a thermostat?

Thermostat automatically adjusts the amount of water entering the radiator based on the temperature of the coolant, changing the circulation range of the water to regulate the cooling capacity of the radiator, ensuring the engine operates within an appropriate temperature range. Here is relevant information: 1. The thermostat must maintain good technical condition; otherwise, it will severely affect the normal operation of the engine. If the main valve of the thermostat opens too late, it will cause the engine to overheat; if the main valve opens too early, it will prolong the engine's warm-up time, resulting in the engine temperature being too low. 2. The main type of thermostat currently in use is the wax-type thermostat. When the coolant temperature is below the specified value, the paraffin in the thermostat's temperature-sensing body remains in a solid state, and the thermostat valve closes the channel between the engine and the radiator under the action of the spring, causing the coolant to return to the engine via the water pump. When the coolant temperature reaches the specified value, the paraffin begins to melt and gradually turns into a liquid.

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What does Auto Start-Stop mean?

Engine auto start-stop is a system that automatically shuts off the engine when the vehicle comes to a temporary stop during driving. When it's time to move again, the system automatically restarts the engine. Below is how the start-stop system works: 1. When the vehicle stops due to traffic congestion or at an intersection, the driver depresses the brake pedal and shifts to neutral. At this point, the Start/Stop system automatically checks: the engine is idling and in neutral; the wheel speed sensors of the anti-lock system show zero; the electronic battery sensor indicates sufficient energy for the next start. Once these three conditions are met, the engine automatically stops. 2. The driver presses the clutch pedal, which then activates the 'start stopper' and quickly restarts the engine. In automatic transmission models, simply releasing the brake or turning the steering wheel will cause the engine to automatically ignite again, allowing the driver to immediately press the accelerator to start moving, all while remaining in Drive (D) mode. 3. The core of auto start-stop lies in its automatic control of engine shutdown and restart, simultaneously reducing unnecessary fuel consumption, lowering emissions, and improving fuel economy.

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What to Do with ETC After Vehicle License Plate Change?

If you need to change the ETC license plate, you must bring the license plate change procedures, ID card, and vehicle license to the original bank processing point or any ETC processing point opened by the highway to handle the change. The ETC installation process is as follows: After receiving the device, first check whether the ETC card and electronic tag (OBU) are damaged. Press the anti-tamper button on the back of the OBU, and the red light will briefly light up. The OLED screen will display "Label Invalid" or "Please Insert Card," indicating the device is functioning normally. Clean the front windshield, ensuring the glass surface is smooth, clean, and dry. Then peel off the protective film on the back of the OBU adhesive and stick it to the installation position. Press firmly for 2-3 minutes to remove any air bubbles. Insert the ETC card with the front facing the driver and the back facing the windshield, ensuring the chip is inserted into the OBU device.

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How to Solve Poor Braking Performance?

Poor braking performance can be addressed through the following solutions: 1. Replace the brake pads. For a simple and effective improvement in braking force, upgrade to a high-quality set of brake pads. 2. Upgrade to braided brake lines. Often, when people complain about poor braking, they are referring to a soft or unresponsive pedal feel. Many factory-installed brake hoses are made of rubber, which is too soft and prone to expansion during braking, affecting pedal feedback. The most direct way to improve pedal feel is to switch to braided stainless steel brake lines. These lines are reinforced with a layer of sturdy metal wires, making them less likely to expand and providing better pedal feedback. However, installation must be done carefully. After installation, check for any interference during full steering lock, as prolonged stretching or squeezing could lead to potential ruptures. 3. Install tires with better grip. The most direct factor affecting braking distance is the tires, as they are the only point of contact between the car and the road. During braking, they rely on friction to slow the vehicle down. Therefore, high-performance tires can significantly enhance braking performance.

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Should I Use First Gear or Second Gear on a Steep Slope?

Whether to use first gear or second gear when going uphill depends on the car's displacement and the steepness of the slope. Here is the relevant information: 1. For slopes below 60 degrees, use first gear. For slopes above 60 degrees, use second gear. For vehicles with a displacement below 2.0t, use first gear. For vehicles with a displacement above 2.0t, second gear can be used. 2. Generally, first gear is used on particularly steep slopes where the vehicle requires low speed and high torque to overcome the slope resistance. In such cases, second gear will definitely not provide enough power. If a slope cannot be climbed even in first gear, it indicates that the vehicle's power is insufficient for that slope. Some drivers insist on challenging very steep slopes in second gear, which can cause significant damage to the engine. Since second gear lacks sufficient power, it greatly increases the engine's load and affects its lifespan. If the vehicle loses power midway up the slope, it is crucial to shift to a lower gear promptly to prevent rolling back, which is dangerous and harmful to the transmission.

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What Causes the Plastic Friction Sound When Turning the Steering Wheel?

The reasons for the plastic friction sound when turning the steering wheel are as follows: There are multiple causes for the friction sound when turning the steering wheel, including friction between plastic components; issues with the steering wheel airbag clock spring; aging of the steering tie rod ball joint; loosening or damage of the stabilizer bar; problems with the shock absorber thrust bearing; improper tension or aging of the power steering belt, etc. Additional details: 1. Problems with the shock absorber thrust bearing: Lack of lubrication in the shock absorber thrust bearing can also cause abnormal noise. The inspection method is as follows: Open the engine hood and listen to see if the sound is coming from the top mount of the shock absorber. Solution: Apply some grease to the shock absorber thrust bearing. If this does not work, the component needs to be replaced. 2. Aging of the steering tie rod ball joint: In this case, besides producing abnormal noise, it can also cause shaking. The solution is to replace the steering tie rod ball joint. It is important to note that a four-wheel alignment is required after replacing the component.

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What are the standards for automobile exhaust emission testing?

What is the principle of a thermostat?

What does Auto Start-Stop mean?

What to Do with ETC After Vehicle License Plate Change?

How to Solve Poor Braking Performance?

Should I Use First Gear or Second Gear on a Steep Slope?

What Causes the Plastic Friction Sound When Turning the Steering Wheel?

What is the National Emission Standard for Cars Produced in 2013?

What to Do When Water Enters the Car Engine?

How to fix a faulty EGR valve on the Sail 3?

Which company is the OEM manufacturer for Li Auto?