What are the reasons for insufficient power and black smoke from a diesel engine?

[SanAaron]

There are several reasons why a diesel engine emits black smoke and lacks power: 1. Insufficient fuel supply: A low amount of fuel in the cylinder results in reduced heat generation during combustion, which cannot meet the engine's load requirements, leading to engine weakness and incomplete combustion, causing black smoke. 2. Poor spray quality: When the diesel engine is operating, if the fuel injector's spray quality is poor, the surface area of the fuel sprayed into the cylinder is reduced, decreasing the oxygen combination rate and resulting in less heat generation. 3. Insufficient air intake: A lack of air intake in the engine reduces the engine's air charge, preventing carbon atoms in the fuel from fully reacting with oxygen atoms. This results in reduced heat release, engine weakness, and incomplete combustion, leading to black smoke. 4. Impact of ambient temperature: Excessively high temperatures can cause the engine to overheat, affecting the engine's air charge and reducing power. Excessively low temperatures can lead to poor fuel evaporation in the cylinder, causing incomplete combustion, reduced heat generation, and engine weakness.