What are the raw materials for producing new energy batteries?
2 Answers
Production of new energy batteries mainly uses lithium iron phosphate and ternary lithium as raw materials. Currently, most new energy vehicles on the market use ternary lithium batteries. The following is a related introduction to ternary lithium batteries: 1. Introduction to ternary lithium batteries: Ternary lithium batteries are lithium-ion batteries that use nickel-cobalt-aluminum or nickel-cobalt-manganese materials in a certain proportion as the cathode. 2. Advantages of ternary lithium batteries: Ternary materials are composite oxides of several multi-metal materials. They can fully utilize the advantages of metals, and the battery capacity is relatively high, so they are widely used in passenger vehicles.
From my engineering practice, the production of new energy batteries primarily relies on various core materials for lithium batteries. The cathode commonly uses lithium iron phosphate or a combination of lithium nickel cobalt manganese, providing high voltage and energy density, which are key sources of performance. The anode typically employs graphite, which can stably intercalate lithium ions, but silicon materials are being tested to enhance capacity. The electrolyte involves lithium salts such as lithium hexafluorophosphate dissolved in organic solvents, ensuring efficient ion flow. The separator is usually a polyolefin film to prevent short circuits. Auxiliary materials include copper foil for current collection and aluminum for the casing to ensure structural integrity. Material selection requires a balance between safety and efficiency, as improper impurity handling can lead to thermal runaway. The manufacturing process involves precise chemical control, and rising costs are driving the development of low-cobalt solutions and supply chain optimization to meet growing global demand. Overall, material innovation directly determines the range and charging speed of electric vehicles and is the focus of future technological breakthroughs.
