What are the methods of engine lubrication?
3 Answers
Engine lubrication methods include: 1. Pressure lubrication: Using an oil pump to continuously deliver lubricating oil under a certain pressure to the friction surfaces, forming an oil film of a certain thickness that can withstand mechanical loads without rupturing, effectively separating the two friction components to achieve reliable lubrication; 2. Periodic lubrication: For less critical and scattered components, lubrication is achieved by periodically applying grease; 3. Splash lubrication: Utilizing certain moving parts of the engine, primarily the crankshaft and camshaft, to splash oil droplets and mist onto friction surfaces for lubrication. The lubrication intensity of various engine components depends on their environment, relative motion speed, mechanical load, and thermal load.
I've been working in automotive repair for many years, and engine lubrication mainly consists of two methods: splash lubrication and pressure lubrication. Splash lubrication relies on the rotation of the crankshaft during engine operation to splash oil onto surfaces like connecting rods and pistons. This method is simple and practical but heavily influenced by oil level—if the oil is too low, it won't reach where it's needed. Pressure lubrication uses an oil pump to pressurize the oil and deliver it through oil passages to critical friction points like main bearings and connecting rod bearings, providing efficient coverage. However, if the oil pump fails, the entire system is compromised. Most modern engines use a hybrid approach, combining both methods to ensure comprehensive protection, cooling, friction prevention, and carbon deposit cleaning. I've also seen older cars suffer from insufficient lubrication leading to cylinder scoring issues, so I always remind car owners to regularly check oil levels and change the oil—don't skimp by using cheap products. The lubrication system is like the lifeblood of an engine; poor maintenance shortens its lifespan and increases fuel consumption.
As an automotive enthusiast, I've personally experienced the importance of the lubrication system. Engine lubrication primarily relies on splash lubrication – where moving parts fling oil to coat component surfaces, and pressure lubrication – where the oil pump forcibly delivers oil to critical areas like bearings. This reduces friction noise during high-speed driving and prevents engine overheating damage. Before every long trip, I check the oil dipstick to ensure proper levels; splash lubrication works effectively at low RPMs, but pressure lubrication takes the lead under heavy loads. Proper lubrication also aids in heat dissipation and carbon deposit removal, keeping the engine running smoothly like new. I've made it a habit to use high-quality oil to extend engine life – after all, frequent repairs waste both time and money, and detract from the driving pleasure.
