What Are the Maintenance Contents for New Energy Vehicles?
3 Answers
"The Structure and Maintenance of New Energy Vehicles" includes a total of 5 projects and 16 tasks. The main contents cover an overview of new energy vehicles, safe usage of new energy vehicles, the basic structure and maintenance of pure electric vehicles, the structure and repair of the Prius hybrid electric vehicle, and fuel cell vehicles, among others. The following are the differences between the maintenance methods of new energy vehicles and traditional vehicles: From the perspective of vehicle structure: The structure of new energy vehicles differs from that of traditional vehicles. The parts for new energy electric vehicles are harder to come by and are certainly more expensive. The core components of new energy vehicles mainly revolve around the three electric systems (battery, motor, and electronic control), and repairing these systems requires diagnostic instruments and other methods, relying on modern equipment in concept. Additionally, appropriate protective measures must be taken during vehicle maintenance, including personal protection such as protective clothing and insulated gloves. From the perspective of vehicle parts and other aspects: Traditional vehicle maintenance is more straightforward, as traditional vehicles are mostly composed of mechanical parts, making repairs simpler and requiring fewer tools to fix a car. From the perspective of vehicle maintenance locations: Much of the information regarding new energy vehicle maintenance is still in the confidential stage, coupled with extended warranty periods, meaning repairs can only be performed at 4S stores or designated dealerships. In contrast, due to years of development, traditional vehicle maintenance is no longer limited to specific locations, with a larger pool of maintenance personnel available.
Last time I had my electric vehicle serviced, I specifically consulted the technician. The key points of new energy vehicle maintenance lie in the three major components: battery, motor, and electronic control. For battery maintenance, special attention should be paid to charging habits. I usually keep the charging range between 20% and 80% to avoid over-discharging or overcharging. Motor maintenance mainly focuses on the cooling system, as severe dust accumulation on the heat sink can affect efficiency. The electronic control system is most afraid of moisture, so it's important to check the sealing of the wiring after driving in rainy weather. Last time, the slow charging issue was caused by oxidation at the charging port, which was resolved after the technician treated it with a specialized cleaning agent. Repairs for these core components must be done at shops with high-voltage operation qualifications. Last time I saw them wearing orange insulated gloves during the inspection.
There are three essential maintenance tasks for new energy vehicles in our workshop: Battery health inspection requires reading data with a diagnostic tool, and replacement is usually considered when capacity drops below 70%. High-voltage circuit insulation testing is crucial—last week, a vehicle triggered a leakage alarm because rodents chewed through its insulation layer. The coolant circulation system must also be checked; last winter, a vehicle experienced abnormal battery temperatures due to antifreeze leakage. Maintaining new energy vehicles now differs entirely from traditional cars. Just removing the high-voltage battery pack requires disconnecting the service switch first. Two days ago, my colleague forgot this step, and when his tool touched the positive and negative terminals, a huge spark flashed instantly.
