What are the lubrication methods for engines?
2 Answers
There are four lubrication methods for engines: 1. Pressure lubrication: Pressure lubrication uses oil pressure to deliver oil to various friction surfaces for forced lubrication, such as the main bearings of the crankshaft, connecting rod bearings, and camshaft bearings. It requires delivering oil to the gaps of friction surfaces under a certain pressure. 2. Splash lubrication: The rotation of the crankshaft flings oil from both sides of the bearings, forming numerous oil droplets or mist in the crankcase, which splash onto various friction surfaces for lubrication, such as the cylinder walls and piston pins. 3. Combined lubrication, which integrates pressure and splash lubrication: This method is widely used in modern automotive engines. 4. Grease lubrication: Engine accessories such as generators and water pumps use grease lubrication for their bearings, requiring periodic greasing or cleaning and replacement.
I enjoy tinkering with car engines, and last time I worked on one, I studied the lubrication methods. The engine mainly relies on two types of lubrication: pressure lubrication and splash lubrication. Pressure lubrication involves the oil pump drawing oil from the oil pan, pressurizing it, and then delivering it through oil passages to high-speed rotating components like the crankshaft and camshaft, ensuring they are well-lubricated and don’t seize up. Splash lubrication occurs when the pistons move up and down or the crankshaft rotates, splashing oil to lubricate areas like the cylinder walls and piston rings. Combining these two methods ensures all necessary parts are lubricated. I once experienced low oil levels—after starting the car, there was noticeable noise, but checking and topping up the oil solved the issue. Poor lubrication increases friction, leading to engine overheating or even cylinder scuffing, so I’ve made it a habit to check the dipstick monthly and use high-quality oil to maintain engine longevity and fuel efficiency.
