What Are the Levels of Autonomous Driving?
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Autonomous driving is classified into levels from L0 to L5. There are 5 levels of autonomous driving: Level 0: No Automation, under 'Level 0 autonomous driving,' the driver performs all operational tasks, such as steering, braking, accelerating, or decelerating. Level 1: Driver Assistance, at this level, the vehicle can assist with some functions, but the driver still handles all acceleration, braking, and monitoring of the surrounding environment. For example, the vehicle will automatically brake if it gets too close to another car on the highway. Level 2: Partial Automation, most car manufacturers are currently developing vehicles at this level, where the car can assist with steering or acceleration functions. The driver must be ready to take control at any time and is still responsible for most safety-critical functions and all environmental monitoring. Level 3: Conditional Automation, the biggest leap from Level 2 to Level 3 and above is that, starting from Level 3, the vehicle itself controls all monitoring of the environment (using sensors like lidar). Level 4: High Automation, at Level 4, the autonomous driving system will first notify the driver when conditions are safe, and only then will the driver switch the vehicle to this mode. It cannot make judgments in more dynamic driving situations, such as traffic jams or merging onto highways. Level 5: Full Automation, at Level 5 automation, autonomous driving absolutely does not require human attention. There is no need to press the accelerator, brake, or hold the steering wheel, as the autonomous driving system controls all critical tasks, monitors the environment, and identifies unique driving conditions like traffic jams.
