What are the letters for forward and reverse gears in a car?
2 Answers
The forward gear for automatic transmission cars is the letter D, while for manual transmission cars, the forward gears are numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. The reverse gear for both types of vehicles is the letter R. Below is a detailed introduction: Introduction to manual transmission gear numbers: First gear is the starting gear, used when the car moves from a standstill to motion. Another meaning of the starting gear is that it is only used for starting; once the car begins to move, it is necessary to shift to second gear. Second gear is the driving gear, used when the car is moving at low speeds. It is not intended for high-speed driving. Third gear is the acceleration gear. Starting from this gear, you can use the throttle to accelerate, increasing the car's speed to a certain level. Fourth gear is the medium-high speed driving gear. On most city roads except elevated roads, this is generally the highest gear used, typically when the vehicle speed is around 60-70 km/h. Fifth gear is the high-speed gear, used only on elevated roads, highways, etc., generally at speeds of 80 km/h or above. Introduction to automatic transmission gear letters: The P gear stands for Parking, the N gear stands for Neutral, the D gear stands for Drive, the S gear stands for Sport, the L gear stands for Low, and the M gear stands for Manual. Different gear combinations output different levels of power. When the car is at different speeds, it is necessary to "shift gears," meaning selecting different gear combinations to output power. Below is an explanation of each gear: P gear: Parking means "to park." It is used when parking the car. After reaching the destination or when needing to park for an extended period, shift the gear lever into this position. Note: The vehicle must be completely stopped before shifting into P gear. Shifting into P gear before the vehicle has fully stopped can damage parts of the automatic transmission. When in P gear, the wheels are mechanically locked, preventing the car from moving forward or backward. Therefore, it is essential to shift into P gear when parking on a slope. Additionally, during short stops (e.g., at traffic lights), it is best not to shift into P gear to avoid severe damage to the transmission in case of a rear-end collision. N gear: Neutral means "neutral" or "idle." At traffic lights, you can shift into this gear and press the brake pedal. If the wait is longer, it is recommended to engage the handbrake, allowing your foot to rest off the brake pedal. A common misconception is that shifting into N gear while coasting downhill or at high speeds saves fuel. This is a serious mistake; not only does it not save fuel, but it can also damage the transmission. D gear: Drive means "to drive." In a car, it is the forward gear. Shifting into this gear and pressing the throttle allows the car to move. In this gear, the transmission automatically shifts based on speed and throttle conditions. At traffic lights, you can remain in D gear while pressing the brake. If the wait is short, this is fine, but prolonged waits can raise the transmission oil temperature and degrade the oil. S gear: Sport means "sport." In a car, it is the sport mode. Shifting into this gear delays gear shifts to provide more power, typically used when overtaking. M gear: Manual means "manual control." In a car, it switches to manual mode, similar to manual transmission cars, requiring manual gear shifting. L gear: Low means "low speed." In a car, it is the low-speed forward gear. In this gear, the transmission operates only in low gear (equivalent to first gear in a manual transmission) and does not automatically shift to other gears based on speed. This gear is generally used when climbing or descending steep slopes. In low gear, the drive wheels output more torque, providing sufficient power to climb steep slopes. Prolonged braking can overheat the brake pads, reducing braking effectiveness, which is dangerous on long or steep descents. Shifting into L gear uses the engine's low RPM to control the car's movement, eliminating the need for constant braking. Reverse gear precautions: Mental composure is crucial. In a nervous state, people tend to make excessive movements, such as pressing the pedal too hard or oversteering, which can be dangerous. Stay calm and don't panic when encountering problems. Don't confuse the brake and accelerator pedals or the gears. Mixing up the brake and accelerator is a common mistake for novice drivers when nervous. Keep your head and hands inside the car; sticking your head out can distort your posture and affect your judgment of the distance to the pedals, increasing the risk of pressing the wrong pedal. Before releasing the brake or pressing the accelerator, confirm that you are in the correct gear and proceed only after verifying. Don't rely entirely on parking sensors, cameras, or others' instructions. Most parking sensors have blind spots. Before reversing, glance at the parking space to make an overall judgment, then use the parking sensors as an aid. Many parking lot attendants assist with parking, but their instructions should not be solely relied upon due to potential misunderstandings. Make calm decisions based on your judgment, treating others' assistance as supplementary. Ensure the safety of people near the car when reversing. Those assisting should not stand directly behind or in front of the car; instead, stand to the side. Be aware of children around the car, as their movements are unpredictable and their small size makes them hard to spot. Unsupervised children near the car can easily enter the driver's blind spot while reversing, posing a danger. Avoid crowding in parking lots. When driving in parking lanes or encountering other parked cars, try to avoid them or maintain a safe distance. Many parking fee booths are located on inclined slopes; when waiting for other cars to pay, keep a safe distance.
After driving for so many years, I'm very familiar with the gear letters of an automatic transmission. For forward movement, use the D gear, which stands for Drive—just shift into this gear for everyday driving. To go backward, use the R gear, short for Reverse, when you need to reverse. For parking, use the P gear, meaning Parking, and don’t forget to engage the handbrake. The neutral position is the N gear, abbreviated from Neutral, which can be used for short stops like at a red light. Nowadays, many cars also have a Sport mode (S gear) or Manual mode (M gear), but the ones used daily are mainly P, R, N, and D. Oh, and remember to press the brake when shifting gears, especially when switching between reverse and drive—make sure the car is fully stopped before shifting to avoid damaging the transmission.
