What are the four major systems of an engine?

[McFrank]

The four major systems of an engine: cooling system, ignition system, lubrication system, and fuel supply system. Cooling system: The function of the cooling system is to dissipate the heat absorbed by the heated parts in time to ensure that the engine works at the most suitable temperature. Ignition system: In a gasoline engine, the combustible mixture in the cylinder is ignited by an electric spark. For this purpose, a spark plug is installed on the cylinder head of the gasoline engine, and the head of the spark plug extends into the combustion chamber. Fuel supply system: The function of the gasoline engine fuel supply system is to prepare a certain amount and concentration of the mixture according to the requirements of the engine, supply it into the cylinder, and discharge the exhaust gas after combustion from the cylinder into the atmosphere. Lubrication system: The function of the lubrication system is to deliver a certain amount of clean lubricating oil to the surface of the relatively moving parts to achieve liquid friction, reduce friction resistance, and reduce the wear of the parts. The following methods can be used for daily engine maintenance: Use lubricating oil of appropriate quality grade. For gasoline engines, SD--SF grade gasoline engine oil should be selected according to the additional devices of the intake and exhaust systems and the conditions of use; for diesel engines, CB--CD grade diesel engine oil should be selected according to the mechanical load, and the selection standard should not be lower than the requirements specified by the manufacturer; Change the oil and filter regularly. The oil quality of any quality grade of lubricating oil will change during use. After a certain mileage, the performance will deteriorate, which will bring various problems to the engine. To avoid failures, the oil should be changed regularly according to the conditions of use, and the oil volume should be moderate; When the oil passes through the fine holes of the filter, the solid particles and sticky substances in the oil accumulate in the filter. If the filter is blocked and the oil cannot pass through the filter element, the filter element will burst or the safety valve will open, and the oil will pass through the bypass valve, still bringing the dirt back to the lubrication part, causing engine wear and aggravating internal pollution; Clean the crankcase regularly. During the operation of the engine, high-pressure unburned gas, acid, water, sulfur, and nitrogen oxides in the combustion chamber enter the crankcase through the gap between the piston ring and the cylinder wall, and mix with the metal powder generated by the wear of the parts to form sludge. When the amount is small, it is suspended in the oil; when the amount is large, it precipitates from the oil, blocking the filter and oil holes, making it difficult to lubricate the engine and causing wear. Use a radiator cleaner to clean the radiator regularly. Removing rust and scale can not only ensure the normal operation of the engine but also extend the overall life of the radiator and the engine.