What are the Four Major Mechanisms and Eight Major Systems in an Automobile?
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An automobile engine consists of only two major mechanisms. Below is a detailed introduction to these two mechanisms and the eight major systems: 1. Two Major Mechanisms: (1) Crank-Connecting Rod Mechanism: The crank-connecting rod is a crucial component of an automobile engine that realizes the working cycle and completes energy conversion. (2) Valve Train Mechanism: The function of the valve train is to open and close the intake and exhaust valves at the right time according to the engine's working sequence and process, allowing the combustible mixture or air to enter the cylinder and expel the exhaust gases from the cylinder, thereby achieving the gas exchange process. 2. Eight Major Systems: (1) Fuel Supply System: The function of the fuel supply system is to deliver diesel and air into the cylinder separately, forming a mixture in the combustion chamber for combustion, and finally expelling the exhaust gases after combustion. (2) Ignition System: In a gasoline engine, the combustible mixture in the cylinder is ignited by an electric spark. For this purpose, a spark plug is installed on the cylinder head of the gasoline engine, with its tip extending into the combustion chamber. (3) Lubrication System: The function of the lubrication system is to deliver a certain amount of lubricating oil to the surfaces of relatively moving parts to achieve liquid friction, reduce frictional resistance, and minimize wear on the components. It also cleans and cools the surfaces of the parts. (4) Cooling System: The function of the cooling system is to dissipate part of the heat absorbed by the heated components in a timely manner, ensuring the engine operates at the most suitable temperature. (5) Intake System. (6) Exhaust System. (7) Starting System: The entire process from when the crankshaft begins to rotate under external force until the engine starts to idle automatically is called engine starting. The devices required to complete the starting process are collectively referred to as the engine starting system. (8) Engine Management System.
