What are the effects of excessive or insufficient ignition advance angle on the engine?

[DiBennett]

If the ignition advance angle is too large, most of the air-fuel mixture burns during the compression process, increasing the compression work consumed by the piston and raising the maximum pressure in the cylinder. This shortens the time required for the end-gas mixture to auto-ignite, increasing the tendency for engine knocking. Conversely, if the ignition advance angle is too small (ignition is too late), combustion extends into the expansion process, reducing the maximum combustion pressure and temperature, increasing heat transfer losses, raising exhaust gas temperature, decreasing power output, and reducing the tendency for knocking and NOx emissions. Important considerations: 1. The ignition advance angle controller can appropriately advance the ignition timing without altering the original engine structure, ensuring stable combustion of natural gas and improving engine power. 2. The ignition advance angle controller enables bi-fuel (natural gas/gasoline) vehicles to automatically adjust the ignition advance angle when using different fuels, ensuring the engine operates at the optimal ignition timing under different speeds. This accommodates both fuel and gas conditions without modifying the original engine compression ratio or combustion structure. 3. Installing an adaptive ignition advance angle controller increases engine power and torque while reducing energy consumption. This adaptive fuel ignition advance angle controller can improve the power performance and fuel economy of bi-fuel engines to some extent, significantly addressing issues such as poor uphill acceleration performance, high gas consumption, and backfiring after converting a vehicle to natural gas. 4. Microcontroller control: The ignition advance angle controller can precisely control different ignition timings for bi-fuel vehicles based on the position of the fuel conversion switch through microcontroller management.