What are the effects of driving with the handbrake engaged?

[SimonAnn]

Driving with the handbrake engaged does have negative effects on the vehicle. The impacts of forgetting to release the handbrake while driving are as follows: 1. The most immediate consequences include accelerated wear of the brake discs, hardening of the brake pads due to overheating, and stretching of the handbrake cable. This leads to reduced braking performance and, in severe cases, may cause smoke to emerge from the rear of the vehicle. 2. If driving with the handbrake engaged for an extended period, it may result in the brake calipers seizing, brake fluid leakage, excessively high brake fluid temperature, and complete loss of braking function. Generally, the faster the vehicle speed while driving with the handbrake engaged, the greater the damage to the braking components, along with some degree of tire wear.