What are the effects of a faulty intake air temperature sensor?

[Gordon]

Intake air temperature sensor failure can affect the car, causing difficulties in starting, unstable idling, and reduced power. Below is relevant information about the intake air temperature sensor: 1. Function: As a negative temperature coefficient thermistor, the intake air temperature sensor can detect the temperature of the intake air flow. When the intake air temperature rises, the resistance value decreases, and when the intake air temperature drops, the resistance value increases. The change in resistance in the intake air temperature sensor circuit causes voltage fluctuations, generating a different voltage signal. The ECU uses this voltage signal to calculate the actual temperature of the intake air flow and thereby adjusts the engine's fuel injection and ignition. 2. Fault Analysis: Poor contact in the intake air temperature sensor's ground wire will cause abnormal low temperature readings in the data stream. Low-temperature air has higher density, increasing the fuel injection pulse width and resulting in an overly rich air-fuel mixture. If the sensor is short-circuited, the data stream will show abnormally high temperature readings. High-temperature air has lower density, reducing the fuel injection pulse width and causing an overly lean air-fuel mixture. The higher the intake air temperature sensor's reading, the richer the air-fuel mixture. A broken sensor or poor grounding can cause an overly lean mixture, leading to starting difficulties.