What are the differences between water ingress and water immersion in vehicles?

[LincolnAnn]

The difference between a water-wading vehicle and a water-immersed vehicle lies in that a water-wading vehicle refers to a vehicle passing through water, meaning the vehicle drives through water while in motion; whereas a water-immersed vehicle refers to a vehicle directly submerged in water, with the water depth exceeding one-third of the wheel height. In reality, both wading and immersion affect the vehicle, with the extent of impact depending on the water depth. Below are the relevant details: 1. Water-wading vehicle: As the name suggests, it refers to a vehicle that has been soaked by rainwater, which has a significant impact on the vehicle. It is generally categorized into three levels: water level below the tires, water level reaching the steering wheel and dashboard, and water level above the vehicle roof. The damage to the vehicle increases progressively with these three levels of water exposure. 2. Water-immersed vehicle: To some extent, it can be repaired, but even after repair, there are serious hidden dangers. The longer the immersion time, the higher the probability of malfunctions. This is similar to a watch falling into water—even if it is disassembled and dried, the watch may still malfunction and cannot be completely repaired.