What are the differences between 25G, 25K, and 25T?

[MasonAnn]

25G, 25K, and 25T mainly have the following differences: 25T type passenger car: It is one of the air-conditioned railway passenger car models of China Railway, designed and manufactured to meet the 160 km/h speed level for the fifth major speed-up of China Railway. It was put into operation in January 2003, finalized in 2004, and is still in production today. 25K type passenger car: It is an air-conditioned railway passenger car used by China Railway, where "K" stands for express type. The 25K type passenger car was designed and manufactured for the express trains introduced during the first major speed-up of China Railway. 25G type passenger car: It is modified based on the 25 type train, with added air conditioning, a structural speed of 140 km/h, and a maximum operating speed of 120 km/h.

[GabrielaMarie]

I've been driving long-distance freight for over a decade, and the main differences between these three types of carriages lie in their construction standards. The 25G is the green-skinned air-conditioned train popularized in the 1990s, with a speed limit of 120 km/h, most commonly seen on K-series express trains. It has poor shock absorption but is cheap to maintain. The 25K, with its blue body, operates T-series express trains, with speeds increased to 140 km/h. It uses air springs but has a lighter body, making it unstable on curves. The 25T is the most advanced, operating Z-series direct trains, featuring a white body with sealed windshields and disc brakes capable of 160 km/h—the steadiest I've driven. With the widespread adoption of high-speed rail now, the 25K is mostly phased out, a piece of history well understood by veteran railway workers.

[ParkerAnn]

Having worked in railway dispatching for fifteen years, the differences in bogies are most noticeable. The 25G uses the 206G bogie, which has a simple frame and runs at lower speeds. The 25K employs the CW-2 bogie with a bolster suspension, allowing for slightly higher speeds. The 25T is equipped with the SW-220K, a German-designed bolsterless bogie that ensures smooth operation even at high speeds. The braking systems have also been upgraded: the 25G still uses tread braking, the 25K introduces disc braking, and the 25T fully adopts disc brakes with electronic anti-skid. The car connections differ as well, with the 25T's sealed diaphragm draft gear providing excellent noise reduction. These differences determine their operational class and ticket prices.

[VonDallas]

Having repaired trains for twenty years, the most headache-inducing is the maintenance of 25G models. The air conditioning units always leak, and the AC 380V power supply system frequently malfunctions. The 25K models with DC 600V power supply are more stable, but the upper air supply ducts often crack. The 25T models are the easiest to repair, with a safe DC 110V voltage and a PLC control system under the carriage—just plug in a computer to read the fault codes. The differences in carriage materials are also significant: 25G uses ordinary weathering steel, 25K uses low-alloy steel, and 25T directly employs a fully welded stainless steel structure, so I don’t need to carry as many welding repair tools.