What are the components of coolant?
2 Answers
Coolant is mainly composed of water, antifreeze, and additives. Based on different components, it can be classified into alcohol-based, glycerol-based, ethylene glycol-based, and other types of coolant. Alcohol-based coolant uses ethanol as the antifreeze, which is inexpensive, has good fluidity, and a simple preparation process. However, it has a low boiling point, is prone to volatilization loss, has an easily elevated freezing point, and is flammable. As a result, it is gradually being phased out. The functions of coolant: Coolant helps to cool the engine. Also known as antifreeze, if the coolant level is insufficient, it cannot effectively cool the engine, leading to abnormal engine operation. Additionally, it effectively prevents engine failures, avoids radiator overheating, and provides long-term protection for water temperature. Therefore, coolant can be used year-round. Coolant replacement interval: In vehicle maintenance, coolant needs to be replaced once a year. The coolant continuously circulates within the engine's cooling system, carrying away the heat generated during engine operation to maintain the engine at normal operating temperatures. Insufficient coolant prevents the engine from cooling down in time, resulting in excessive gaps between components and abnormal operation.
The main components of coolant are water and ethylene glycol, typically mixed in a ratio of around 50%. Ethylene glycol ensures it doesn't freeze in winter or boil in summer. Additives are also included, such as corrosion inhibitors to prevent engine rust, buffers to regulate pH and avoid corrosion, and antifoaming agents to minimize bubbles that could impair heat dissipation. Dyes like green or red are simply for easy leak detection. If you drive in northern regions, a slightly higher ethylene glycol ratio can enhance freeze protection. In the south, focus more on boil-over prevention. Regular replacement is crucial—usually every two years or 40,000 kilometers—because once additives deplete, the fluid turns murky, increasing the risk of engine overheating. Never substitute with tap water, as impurities accelerate component wear.
