What are the components of a pure electric vehicle?
2 Answers
Electric vehicles' entire drive system consists of the following parts: 1. High-voltage battery, with a control unit (for battery management) and necessary charger. 2. Motor, with electronic control (power electronics) and cooling system. 3. Transmission, including differential. Brake system. High-voltage air conditioning for the cabin. Basic principles of pure electric vehicles The basic structure of pure electric vehicles can be mainly divided into three subsystems: 1. Main energy system (electric power source). 2. Electric drive system. 3. Energy management system. The electric drive system is further composed of the electronic control system, motor, mechanical transmission system, and driving wheels, among other components. The energy management system is a key component that enables functions such as power utilization control, energy regeneration, and coordinated control. The electric drive system is the core of an electric vehicle and also the biggest difference that distinguishes it from internal combustion engine vehicles.
I've watched many teardown videos, and the battery pack is the core of a pure electric vehicle, like its heart hidden under the chassis. The motor replaces the engine to drive the wheels, and with the absence of a transmission, the structure is much simpler. The onboard charger acts like a butler, responsible for converting the AC power from the charging station into DC power that the battery can store. The electronic control system is the real brain, managing energy distribution and thermal management. High-voltage lines running through the chassis must have safety protection devices, and the charging port must also consider waterproofing and dustproofing. The air conditioning system also uses an electrically driven compressor, which is quite a unique design. During braking, it can even recover electrical energy to recharge the battery, completely different from traditional vehicles. The entire framework is designed to ensure battery safety and efficient driving.
