What are the components and principles of new energy vehicles?
3 Answers
New energy vehicles consist of three main parts: the electric drive system, the power source system, and the auxiliary system. Below is an introduction to the principles of new energy vehicles: 1. New energy vehicles are powered by non-petroleum derivatives. The working principle of conventional vehicles involves converting thermal energy into mechanical energy through four continuous processes: intake, compression, power stroke, and exhaust. Each cycle of these processes is called a working cycle. 2. The working principles of hybrid vehicles and hydrogen engine vehicles are the same as those of conventional vehicles. Fuel cell electric vehicles use the electrical energy generated by electrochemical reactions in fuel cells, where hydrogen and oxygen from the air react under the action of a catalyst, as the main power source for driving. 3. Pure electric vehicles are vehicles that use a single battery as the energy storage power source.
I've been driving electric vehicles for several years and find their structure quite intuitive, mainly consisting of the battery pack, electric motor, and controller. The battery is essentially a large storage box for electricity, typically using lithium-ion technology to store power; the electric motor is responsible for turning the wheels, replacing the traditional engine; the controller acts like a brain, managing the entire flow of electricity. In principle, it's all about electric propulsion: electricity is discharged from the battery, and the motor directly converts it into mechanical energy to propel the car, eliminating the need for burning fuel. Driving is exceptionally quiet, with rapid acceleration. I've also noticed it has a regenerative braking system that recovers some electricity during braking and stores it back in the battery. Charging is straightforward, using a home-installed charging station or public chargers, usually taking a few hours to reach around 80%. By the way, maintenance is easier too—no need for oil changes or the like—and it's significantly more environmentally friendly.
As an environmental enthusiast, the composition of new energy vehicles aligns perfectly with green principles: the core is the battery system, such as lithium or hydrogen fuel cells, along with efficient electric motors and electronic control units. In principle, they replace gasoline with renewable electricity, using electric power to drive the motor and turn the wheels, resulting in zero tailpipe emissions and significantly reducing carbon footprints. I understand they also incorporate regenerative braking to recycle energy, further minimizing waste. The entire design is based on sustainable concepts, with the potential to connect to solar or wind power sources, making them much cleaner than traditional vehicles. Over long-term use, they reduce air pollution and noise, with a much smaller impact on the climate. Daily maintenance is simple, charging is convenient and cost-effective, and most importantly, they encourage a shift toward green transportation, supporting carbon neutrality goals.
