What are the causes of BMW K-CAN line failure?

[VonJohn]

BMW K-CAN line failure may be caused by loss of power to all control units covered by K-CAN; K-CAN bus short circuit; or damage to the combination instrument. Symptoms of failure: The audio system cannot play, the anti-theft system frequently alarms after parking, the reversing radar operates abnormally, and the turn signals and headlights are out of control. Solution: Based on the above symptoms, first use the specialized fault diagnostic tool GTI to detect that, except for the combination instrument, none of the control units covered by the K-CAN data bus system can be diagnosed, indicating the K-CAN is in a paralyzed state. Analysis suggests the causes of this failure include: loss of power to all control units covered by K-CAN; K-CAN bus short circuit; or damage to the combination instrument. The K-CAN bus is a body bus, with K-CAN used for low data rate communication between components. K-CAN can also connect with other bus systems through the central gateway module. Some control units in K-CAN use an LIT bus as a sub-bus. The data transmission rate of K-CAN is 100kbit/s, and it employs a twisted pair structure (two twisted wires). K-CAN can operate as a single-wire bus in case of failure.