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What are the categories of steering systems?

1 Answers

DiIsabel

07/30/25 3:27am

The types of steering systems include mechanical power steering systems, electro-hydraulic power steering systems, and electric power steering systems. Hydraulic Power Steering System: The hydraulic power steering system uses the driver's physical effort as the steering energy source, with all force-transmitting components being mechanical. The mechanical steering system consists of three major parts: the steering control mechanism, the steering gear, and the steering linkage. Electro-Hydraulic Power Steering System: In the electro-hydraulic power steering system, the steering pump is no longer directly driven by the engine but by an electric motor. Additionally, an electronic control system is installed on top of the existing setup, making the steering assist force not only related to the steering angle but also to the vehicle speed. In terms of mechanical structure, a hydraulic reaction device and a fluid distribution valve are added. The new electronic control system includes vehicle speed sensors, solenoid valves, and a steering ECU. Electric Power Steering System: The electric power steering system can provide variable assist, which requires a complex balance between power and control. Electric power steering systems are replacing hydraulic power steering systems as the mainstream steering system in automobiles. Since the electric power steering system does not require engine power, compared to hydraulic power steering, it reduces system weight, decreases fuel consumption by approximately 3%, lowers costs, eliminates the hydraulic system, and increases the flexibility of component installation.

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